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Table 2 Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Assessed Groups; ADHD-prison group, ADHD-psychiatry group, Healthy controls. Not applicable = N/A.

From: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) among longer-term prison inmates is a prevalent, persistent and disabling disorder

 

ADHD-prison, n = 30

ADHD-psychiatry, n = 20

Controls,

n = 18

F or

χ 2

p

Age, mean, (SD), y

34.4 (10.67)

33.4 (8.65)

35.2 (9.85)

.14

.87e

Educational level, nine-year compulsory school or less, n (%)

25 (83)

6 (30)

1 (6)

39.28

< .001e

ADHD, combined, n (%)

28 (93)

18 (90)

N/A

  

ADHD, inattentive, n (%)

2 (7)

2 (10)

N/A

  

≥ 1 current co-morbid disorder, n (%) a

15 (50)

12 (60)

N/A

 

.569

Autism spectrum disorder b

7 (23)

N/A

N/A

  

Mood and anxiety disorder, lifetime a

22 (73)

N/A

N/A

  

Personality disorders, (N = 23) c

     

   Antisocial, n (%)

22 (96)

N/A

N/A

  

   Borderline, n (%)

17 (74)

N/A

N/A

  

   Paranoid, n (%)

17 (74)

N/A

N/A

  

   Narcissistic, n (%)

15 (65)

N/A

N/A

  

   Obsessive-Compulsive, n (%)

12 (52)

N/A

N/A

  

   Passive-Aggressive, n (%)

11 (48)

N/A

N/A

  

   Avoidant, n (%)

11 (48)

N/A

N/A

  

   Depressive, n (%)

8 (35)

N/A

N/A

  

   Dependent, n (%)

7 (30)

N/A

N/A

  

   Schizotypal, n (%)

5 (22)

N/A

N/A

  

   Schizoid, n (%)

2 (9)

N/A

N/A

  

   Histrionic, n (%)

0 (0)

N/A

N/A

  

Substance use disorder, n (%) a

30 (100)

N/A

N/A

  

   Amphetamine preferred, n (%)

19 (63)

N/A

N/A

  

   Cocaine preferred, n (%)

4 (13)

N/A

N/A

  

   Alcohol preferred, n (%)

4 (13)

N/A

N/A

  

Psychopathy, n (%) d

3 (10)

N/A

N/A

  

Concomitant psychotropic's, n (%)

13 (43)

N/A

N/A

  

Onset of alcohol, mean (SD), y

11.9 (1.81)

N/A

N/A

  

Onset of illegal drugs, mean (SD), y

14.0 (2.41)

N/A

N/A

  

Onset of criminality, mean (SD), y

11.2 (3.40)

N/A

N/A

  

Educational assistance at school, n (%)

24 (80)

N/A

N/A

  

Child psychiatry/school health, n (%)

18 (60)

N/A

N/A

  

ADHD diagnosed in childhood, n (%)

2 (7)

N/A

N/A

  
  1. aAccording to DSM-IV by the SCID I interview, bAccording to DSM IV, Autism spectrum disorder includes both Asperger syndrome and PDD-NOS, cFrequencies of personality disorders were estimated by increasing the cut-off level for each personality disorder by one score, on the SCID II PQ to equal the cut-off score of the SCID II interview, dPsychopathy was defined as a total sum score of ≥30 by the PCL-R, eAnalyses of variance (ANOVA) for continuous variables and Fisher's exact test for categorical variables.
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BMC Psychiatry

ISSN: 1471-244X

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