Table 3 Clinical characteristics
From: Pattern of healthcare resource utilization and direct costs associated with manic episodes in Spain
Characteristic | N | |
|---|---|---|
First episode | ||
Age at onset of BD, years, mean ± SD | 737 | 29.0 ± 10.3 |
First manic/mixed episode, n (%) | 748 | 479 (64.0) |
Time since first episode at diagnosis, years, mean ± SD | 734 | 2.4 ± 5.6 |
Type of first contact with healthcare sector, n (%) | ||
Psychiatrist | 300 (41.5) | |
Hospitalization | 171 (23.6) | |
Primary care | 140 (19.3) | |
Emergency department | 724 | 72 (9.9) |
Other | 41 (5.7) | |
Current episode | ||
Total duration, days, mean ± SD | 708 | 76.4 ± 43.0 |
Clinical status prior to current episode, n (%) | 741 | |
Euthymia | 567 (76.5) | |
Depression | 174 (23.5) | |
Suicide | 744 | |
Presence of previous attempts, n (%) | 209 (28.1) | |
Psychiatric comorbidity1, n (%) | 749 | |
Any concomitant psychiatric disorder | 410 (54.7) | |
Substance abuse/dependence disorder | 200 (26.7) | |
Anxiety disorders | 119 (15.9) | |
Personality disorder | 107 (14.3) | |
Impulse control disorder | 65 (8.7) | |
Eating behavior disorder | 36 (4.8) | |
Other disorders | 28 (3.7) | |
High adherence to previous visits schedule, n (%) | 743 | 513 (69.0) |
High adherence to previous treatment, n (%) | 744 | 458 (61.6) |