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Table 3 Student outcome variables for teacher intervention and control groups

From: Mental health first aid training for high school teachers: a cluster randomized trial

 

Intervention group

Control group

Mean diff./OR for pre vs follow-up by intervention interaction (95% CI)

 

Pre

Follow-up

Pre

Follow-up

 

Mental Health Knowledge

     

Recognition of depression %

56.4

68.1

58.5

70.5

1.03 (0.67-1.59)

Beliefs and Intentions About Where to Seek Help for Depression

     

Help-seeking intentions - any adult source from 11 bullet point items1: mean (SD)

3.79 (2.76)

3.77 (2.91)

3.67 (2.61)

3.61 (2.81)

0.01 (-0.30-0.32)

Help-seeking intentions - all 11 adult source bullet point items above: % yes

2.2

2.8

2.2

3.0

0.90 (0.31-2.58)

Help-seeking intentions (all 5 items)2: % yes

9.3

10.1

7.2

8.2

0.91 (0.49-1.70)

Help-seeking beliefs (all 5 items)3: % helpful

23.9

24.0

20.4

20.5

0.96 (0.61-1.52)

Personal Stigma: % Strongly Disagree

     

Could snap out of it

12.5

16.5

13.9

19.9

0.84 (0.51-1.40)

Personal weakness

12.3

14.6

15.5

19.5

0.89 (0.51-1.56)

Not real illness

15.4

17.6

17.8

20.7

0.96 (0.60-1.55)

People with that problem are dangerous

12.9

12.8

16.4

13.9

1.25 (0.76-2.06)

Best to avoid people with that problem

34.7

33.6

36.4

38.1

0.85 (0.58-1.25)

People with that problem are unpredictable

3.9

3.5

3.1

4.3

0.59 (0.25-1.41)

If they had problem they would not tell anyone

21.9

19.8

27.4

22.7

1.26 (0.81-1.96)

Perceived Stigma: % ≥ Agree

     

Other people think could snap out of it

47.9

46.0

43.5

41.3

1.00 (0.71-1.42)

Other people believe a sign of personal weakness

52.2

53.0

52.5

46.9

1.42 (0.99-2.04)

Other people believe not real illness

43.1

41.4

46.2

38.6

1.33 (0.95-1.86)

Other people believe they are dangerous

37.4

38.2

39.0

34.4

1.34 (0.94-1.90)

Other people would avoid people with that problem

37.4

38.4

39.0

37.7

1.13 (0.79-1.61)

Other people believe they are unpredictable

44.1

47.6

53.7

48.2

1.64 (1.15-2.33)**

Other people would not tell anyone

48.0

47.6

48.4

46.0

1.07 (0.76-1.51)

Help Received from Teacher

     

Talked with staff member about mental health problem: % ≥ occasionally

5.2

6.7

2.4

4.2

0.67 (0.28-1.62)

Received information about mental health problems: % yes

19.0

25.2

19.7

13.0

2.60 (1.68-4.05)***

Student Mental Health

     

SDQ 20-40 (abnormal) %

9.1

9.6

7.0

10.3

0.51 (0.25-1.05)

SDQ 16-40 (borderline-abnormal) %

21.9

21.1

16.8

19.9

0.58 (0.33-1.01)

SDQ Subscales

     

Emotional symptoms 7-10 (abnormal) %

9.4

9.2

8.1

8.5

0.84 (0.42-1.70)

Conduct problems 5-10 (abnormal) %

9.6

9.0

7.8

9.2

0.68 (0.35-1.32)

Hyperactivity 7-10 (abnormal) %

16.2

16.2

14.7

15.8

0.90 (0.52-1.57)

Peer problems 6-10 (abnormal) %

4.5

4.1

3.7

4.6

0.55 (0.21-1.45)

Prosocial behaviour 0-4 (abnormal) %

10.8

10.5

10.3

9.0

1.09 (0.59-2.02)

  1. Legend: * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001
  2. 1 The eleven intention items were nominating: a close family member, teacher, school/student counsellor, community member, pastoral care worker, community based religious leader, telephone helpline/counselling service, general practitioner or family doctor, child and adolescent mental health service, other mental health professionals (e.g., occupational therapist, social worker, nurse), and a youth health service.
  3. 2 The five intention items included nominating: a school/student counsellor, telephone helpline or counselling service, general practitioner or family doctor, child and adolescent mental health service, and other mental health professionals.
  4. 3 The five belief items were the same as above.