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Table 4 Effects of risk factors on disagreement in symptom and impact scores between parents and their children

From: Understanding discrepancies in parent-child reporting of emotional and behavioural problems: Effects of relational and socio-demographic factors

 

Parents reporting more symptoms/impactthan their children (N = 429/478), compared with pairs where parents and children agreed (ref) (N = 6,360/6,437 )

Children reporting more symptoms/impactthan their parents (N = 271/374), compared with pairs where parents and children agreed (ref) (N = 6,360/6,437)

Possible predictors

Univariate OR (95% CI)

Multivariate (N = 6,557/6666)OR(95% CI)

Univariate OR(95% CI)

Multivariate (N = 6,415/6,565) OR( 95% CI)

 

Symptoms

Impact

Symptoms

Impact

Symptoms

Impact

Symptoms

Impact

Gender: Boys

1.8 (1.5-2.2)***

2.0 (1.6-2.4)**

1.7 (1.3-2.1)***

1.9 (1.5-2.3)***

1.1 (0.9-1.4)

0.8 (0.6-0.9)**

1.0 (0.8-1.3)

0.9 (0.7-1.0)

School grade/age

1.0 (0.8-1.1)

1.0 (0.9-1.1)

  

1.0 (0.8-1.1)

1.0 (0.9-1.2)

  

Low Income

1.2 (1.2-1.3)***

1.2 (1.1-1.2)***

1.1 (1.0-1.1)**

1.1 (1.0-1.1)*

1.0 (1.0-1.1)

1.1 (1.0-1.2)***

 

1.0 (1.0-1.1)

Low Educational level:

1.2 (1.1-1.2)***

1.1 (1.1-1.1)***

1.1 (1.1-1.2)***

1.1 (1.0-1.1)**

1.0 (1.0-1.1)*

1.0 (1.0-1.1)*

1.0 (1.0-1.1)*

1.0 (1.0-1.0)

Parents' nationality Neither Norwegian

1.2 (0.9-1.6)

1.1 (0.9-1.5)

  

0.6 (0.4-1.0)*

1.0 (0.7-1.3)

0.6 (0.4-1.0)*

0.9 (0.6-1.2)

Parental status: Not living with both

2.9 (2.4-3.5)***

2.4 (2.0-2.9)***

2.2 (1.8-2.8)***

2.0 (1.6-2.5)***

1.4 (1.1-1.9)**

1.6 (1.3-2.0)***

1.3 (1.0-1.7)

1.3 (1.0-1.7)*

Parental engagement:

        

   Yes (ref)

1.0

 

1.0

 

1.0

 

1.0

 

   Don't know

1.7 (1.3-2.3)***

1.7 (1.2-2.2)***

1.4 (1.0-1.9)

1.3 (1.0-1.8)

3.2 (2.3-4.4)***

2.4 (1.8-3.3)***

2.9 (2.1-4.1)***

2.2 (1.6-3.0)***

   No

2.6 (1.5-4.5)***

2.6 (1.6-4.4)***

2.1 (1.2-3.7)**

2.2 (1.3-3.7)**

4.4 (2.5-7.9)***

4.5 (2.8-7.4)***

3.7 (2.0-6.9)***

4.0 (2.4-6.7)***

   A little

1.9 (1.4-2.6)***

1.4 (1.0-1,9)*

1.7 (1.3-2.3)***

1.3 (1.0-1.8)

2.9 (2.1-4.1)***

2.4 (1.8-3.3)***

2.8 (2.0-4.0)***

2.3 (1.7-3.1)***

Communication

        

   Mother

0.9 (0.8-1.0)

1.0 (0.9-1.1)

  

0.8 (0.7-0.9)**

0.8 (0.7-09)***

0.9 (0.8-1.1)

0.9 (0.8-1.3)

   Father

0.9 (0.8-0.9)***

0.9 (0.8-1.0)**

0.9 (0.8-1.0)

0.9 (0.8-1.0)*

0.9 (0.8-1.0)*

0.7 (0.7-0.8)***

1.0 (0.9-1.1)

0.9 (0.8-0.9)**

   Teacher

1.5 (1.2-1.8)***

1.3 (1.1-1.6)**

1.4 (1.1-1.7)**

1.2 (0.9-1.4)

1.5 (1.2-1.9)***

1.4 (1.2-1.8)***

1.5 (1.1-1.9)**

1.3 (1.0-1.6)*

   Friends

0.7 (0.7-0.8)***

0.7 (0.7-0.8)***

0.8 (0.7-0.9)***

0.8 (0.7-0.9)***

0.8 (0.7-0.9)**

1.0 (1.0-1.1)

0.9 (0.7-1.0)*

1.0 (0.9-1.1)

   Others

1.2 (1.2-1.7)***

1.4 (1.2-1.6)**

1.2 (1.0-1.4)

1.2 (1.0-1.4)*

1.6 (1.3-1.9)***

1.5 (1.3-1.8)***

1.4 (1.1-1.6)**

1.3 (1.1-1.5)**

  1. *p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001; symptom subgroups based on total difficulties scores