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Table 3 Hierarchical regression analyses for depression, anxiety, and PTSD recovery in nonabused, psychologically, and physically/psychologically abused women

From: Recovery from depressive symptoms, state anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder in women exposed to physical and psychological, but not to psychological intimate partner violence alone: A longitudinal study

 

Depression

Anxiety

PTSD

   Step and predictors

Total R2

R2change

F change

β

t

Total R2

R2change

F change

β

t

Total R2

R2change

F

change

β

t

Step 1

               

Control variables

0.31

0.31

12.22***

  

0.41

0.41

19.33***

  

0.29

0.29

11.24***

  

Age T2

   

0.09

-0.91

   

0.07

0.78

   

0.01

0.12

Psychopharmacological treatment T2

   

-0.44

-4.53***

   

-0.20

-2.21*

   

-0.21

-2.15*

Scores at T1

               

   Depressive symptomatology

   

0.62

5.43***

          

   State Anxiety

        

0.73

6.82***

     

   PTSD

             

0.56

4.81***

Step 2

               

Lifetime history of victimization

0.33

0.02

0.67

  

0.42

0.01

0.21

  

0.29

0.006

0.17

  

Childhood abuse

   

0.09

0.89

   

0.09

0.91

   

0.03

0.27

Violence witnessed between parents

   

0.04

0.37

   

0.03

0.35

   

0.07

0.67

Adulthood violence by other than partners T1

   

-0.22

-0.23

   

0.09

0.99

   

0.08

0.81

Adulthood violence by other than partners T2

   

0.07

0.72

   

0.01

0.01

   

0.01

0.08

Step 3

               

Variables of stress at T2

0.44

0.11

5.17**

  

0.50

0.07

3.43**

  

0.37

0.08

3.15*

  

Cohabitation with the aggressor

   

-0.07

-0.49

   

0.11

0.79

   

-0.15

-0.99

Perception of lifetime events

   

-0.02

-0.25

   

-0.16

-1.69

   

-0.21

-2.03*

Perceived social support

   

0.4

3.54***

   

0.37

3.39***

   

0.24

2.13*

Step 4

               

Evolution of IPV from T1 to the previous year of T2

0.47

0.03

0.87

  

0.51

0.02

0.57

  

0.43

0.06

1.52

  

   Continuation of physical IPV

   

0.07

0.70

   

0.42

0.67

   

-0.07

-0.65

   Cessation of physical IPV

   

0.23

1.95*

   

0.12

0.55

   

0.27

2.22*

   Continuation of psychological IPV

   

-0.09

-0.63

   

0.08

0.55

   

-0.13

-0.84

   Cessation of psychological IPV

   

-0.12

-1.06

   

-0.02

-0.12

   

-0.23

-1.29

   Cessation of sexual IPV

   

-0.04

-0.36

   

0.05

0.45

   

-0.09

-0.81

  1. β = Standardized regression coefficient; IPV = intimate partner violence; T1 = Time 1; T2 = Time 2
  2. *p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001