Skip to main content

Table 2 Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for antenatal depression in relation to selected socioeconomic variables in 1741 women, KOMCHS, Japan

From: Employment, income, and education and prevalence of depressive symptoms during pregnancy: the Kyushu Okinawa Maternal and Child Health Study

Variables

Prevalence (%)

Crude OR (95% CI)

Adjusted OR (95% CI)b

Additional adjusted OR (95% CI)

Employment

    

 No

156/705 (22.1)

1.00

1.00

1.00c

 Yes

180/1036 (17.4)

0.74 (0.58 − 0.94)

0.62 (0.47 − 0.82)

0.65 (0.50 − 0.86)

Employment status

    

 Unemployed

156/705 (22.1)

1.00

1.00

1.00c

 Part-time employment

56/305 (18.4)

0.79 (0.56 − 1.11)

0.66 (0.46 − 0.94)

0.66 (0.46 − 0.95)

 Full-time employment

123/718 (17.1)

0.73 (0.56 − 0.95)

0.61 (0.45 − 0.82)

0.66 (0.48 − 0.90)

 Missing data

1/13 (7.7)

0.29 (0.02 − 1.51)

0.24 (0.01 − 1.27)

0.24 (0.01 − 1.31)

Vocation

    

 Unemployed

156/705 (22.1)

1.00

1.00

1.00c

 Professional or technical

69/434 (15.9)

0.67 (0.48 − 0.91)

0.60 (0.42 − 0.84)

0.67 (0.47 − 0.96)

 Clerical or related occupation

55/327 (16.8)

0.71 (0.50 − 0.99)

0.61 (0.42 − 0.87)

0.62 (0.43 − 0.90)

 Sales

18/83 (21.7)

0.98 (0.55 − 1.66)

0.69 (0.38 − 1.23)

0.69 (0.37 − 1.22)

 Service

22/114 (19.3)

0.84 (0.50 − 1.36)

0.64 (0.37 − 1.08)

0.62 (0.36 − 1.04)

 Production

12/50 (24.0)

1.11 (0.55 − 2.12)

0.92 (0.44 − 1.82)

0.88 (0.41 − 1.75)

 Othersa

4/28 (14.3)

0.59 (0.17 − 1.55)

0.45 (0.13 − 1.22)

0.46 (0.13 − 1.25)

Household income (Japanese yen/year)

  

 < 4,000,000

142/630 (22.5)

1.00

1.00

1.00d

 4,000,000-5,999,999

121/619 (19.6)

0.84 (0.64 − 1.10)

0.89 (0.67 − 1.19)

0.92 (0.69 − 1.23)

 6,000,000+

73/492 (14.8)

0.60 (0.44 − 0.82)

0.66 (0.47 − 0.92)

0.74 (0.52 − 1.04)

Education (years)

   

 < 13

98/429 (22.8)

1.00

1.00

1.00e

 13-14

121/576 (21.0)

0.90 (0.67 − 1.22)

1.00 (0.73 − 1.37)

1.01 (0.73 − 1.40)

 15+

117/736 (15.9)

0.64 (0.47 − 0.86)

0.72 (0.52 − 0.996)

0.78 (0.56 − 1.10)

  1. a Management; protection services; farming, fishing, or forestry; transportation or communications; or construction.
  2. b Adjustment for age, gestation, region of residence, family structure, history of depression, family history of depression, smoking, and second hand smoke exposure at home and at work.
  3. c Additional adjustment for household income and education.
  4. d Additional adjustment for employment and education.
  5. e Additional adjustment for employment and household income.