| MDD | Controls |  |  |
---|---|---|---|---|
 | n = 58 | n = 58 | Statistics* | p-value |
Age | 53.40 ± 1.22 | 53.21 ± 1.20 | t = -0.011 | 0.912a |
Female, n (%) | 40 (69.0) | 40 (69.0) | χ2 = 0.00 | 1.000b |
Married or living with a partner, n (%) | 48 (82.5) | 55 (94.8) | χ2 = 5.25 | 0.039b |
Daily smoking, n (%) | 18 (31.0) | 4 (6.9) | χ2 = 10.99 | 0.001b |
Alcohol use, ≥ 2 times per week (%) | 9 (15.5) | 10 (17.2) | χ2 = 0.06 | 0.802b |
Asthma, n (%) | 3 (5.2) | 5 (8.6) | χ2 = 0.537 | 0.464b |
BMI (kg/m2) | 27.24 ± 0.86 | 27.13 ± 0.65 | Z = -0.04 | 0.967c |
HAM-D-21 | 12.00 ± 0.73 | 2.98 ± 0.36 | Z = -8.00 | < 0.001c |
ADS | 2.84 ± 0.43 | 0.59 ± 0.13 | Z = -4.04 | < 0.001c |
HAM-D-29 | 14.84 ± 0.99 | 3.57 ± 0.41 | Z = -7.86 | < 0.001c |
BDI | 17.68 ± 0.97 | 3.55 ± 0.41 | Z = -8.77 | < 0.001c |
Use of NSAIDs, n (%) | 7 (12.1) | 1 (1.7) | -- | 0.061d |
Use of oral corticosteroids, n (%) | 5 (8.6) | 3 (5.2) | -- | 0.717d |
Use of antidepressants, n (%) | 22 (37.9) | 4 (6.9) | χ2 = 16.06 | < 0.001b |
IL-5 (pg/ml) | 0.81 ± 0.13 | 0.54 ± 0.08 | Z = -1.87 | 0.061c |
IL-13 (pg/ml) | 7.51 ± 6.05 | 0.89 ± 0.22 | Z = -0.60 | 0.549c |
IFN-γ (pg/ml) | 12.03 ± 5.96 | 3.03 ± 0.91 | Z = -0.43 | 0.664c |
IFN-γ/IL-5 ratio | 6.97 ± 1.99 | 24.69 ± 11.16 | Z = -0.39 | 0.697c |