Table 1 Patient Characteristics by 25-OH Vitamin D Levels
From: Vitamin D deficiency and psychotic features in mentally ill adolescents: A cross-sectional study
|  | All N = 104 | Deficient (<20 ng/ ml) N = 35 | Not Deficient N = 69 | p-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | X (1SD) or n (%) | X (1SD) or n (%) | X (1SD) or n (%) | Â |
Demographics | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Age | 15.38 ± 1.6 | 15.28 ±  1.63 | 15.43 ±  1.60 | 0.66 |
Sex (M/F) (%Male) | 29/75 (27.9) | 11/24 (31.4) | 18/51 (27.9) | 0.57 |
Race (White/Black/Hispanic/ Asian/Biracial) (%White) | 76/15/1/5/7 (73.1) | 17/9/0/5/4 (50.0) | 59/6/1/0/3 (67.0) | 0.0003 |
Residence (Urban/ Suburban or Rural) (%Urban) | 10/94 (9.6) | 3/32 (8.6) | 7/62 (6.7) | 0.80 |
Insurance (Private/ Medicaid) (%Private) | 65/39 (62.5) | 19/16 (54.3) | 46/23 (66.7) | 0.22 |
Smoking Status (Yes/No) (%Yes) | 18/67 (21.2) | 9/20 (31) | 9/47 (16.1) | 0.11 |
Inpatient or Outpatient Status (Inpatient/ Outpatient) (% Inpatient) | 34/70 (32.7) | 14/21 (40) | 20/49 (29.0) | 0.26 |
Metabolic Variables | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Body Mass Index (BMI) | 25.2 ± 7.6 | 26.1 ± 8.4 | 24.7 ± 7.2 | 0.39 |
Glucose | 93.9 ± 18.1 | 91.7 ± 13.8 | 94.9 ± 19.7 | 0.42 |
Cholesterol, total | 167.4 ± 34.4 | 167.6 ± 30.8 | 167.3 + 36.7 | 0.98 |
High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) | 53.1 ± 13.9 | 54.3 ± 13.5 | 52.4 ± 14.3 | 0.63 |
Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) | 94.0 ± 25.0 | 95.7 ± 21.9 | 93.0 ± 26.8 | 0.71 |
Triglycerides | 96.0 ± 69.3 | 87.6 ± 57.6 | 100.5 ± 75.2 | 0.52 |
Pulse | 79.6 ± 15.6 | 78.4 ± 12.4 | 80.3 ± 16.7 | 0.57 |
Diastolic Blood Pressure | 67.6 ± 9.0 | 69.1 ± 9.3 | 66.7 ± 8.7 | 0.20 |
Systolic Blood Pressure | 115.3 ± 12.7 | 116.9 ± 14.3 | 114.5 ± 11.9 | 0.39 |
Illness Features and Family History | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Psychosis N, (%) | 25 (24.0) | 14 (40.0) | 11 (15.9) | 0.007 |
Immediate Family Psychosis N, (%) | 10 (9.6) | 4 (11.4) | 6 (8.7) | 0.66 |
Extended Family Psychosis N, (%) | 10 (9.6) | 5 (14.3) | 5 (7.3) | 0.25 |
Illness Age of Onset (Prepubertal/ Adolescent) (% Prepubertal) | 45/55 (45) | 14 (41.2) | 31 (47.0) | 0.69 |
DSM-IV diagnoses, N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Bipolar Disorders | 37 (36) | 13 (37) | 24 (34.8) | 0.81 |
Unipolar Depressive | 36 (35) | 9 (25.7) | 27 (39.1) | 0.17 |
Mood Disorder NOS | 15 (14) | 6 (17.1) | 9 (13.0) | 0.57 |
Anxiety Disorder NOS | 5 (5) | 2 (5.7) | 3 (4.3) | 0.76 |
Psychotic Disorder NOS | 8 (7.7) | 5 (14.3) | 3 (4.3) | 0.07 |
Other (Yes/No) (%Yes) | 3 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (4.3) | 0.21 |
Current Medication Exposure, N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Stimulants N, (%) | 6 (5.8) | 2(5.7) | 4 (5.8) | 0.99 |
Antidepressants N, (%) | 44 (42.3) | 11 (31.4) | 33 (47.8) | 0.11 |
Antipsychotics N, (%) | 35 (33.7) | 12 (34.3) | 23 (66.7) | 0.92 |
Anticonvulsants N, (%) | 18 (17.3) | 5 (14.9)) | 13 (18.8) | 0.56 |
Benzodiazepines N, (%) | 6 (5.8) | 3 (8.6) | 3 (4.35) | 0.38 |
Other medications | 31 (29.8) | 8 (22.9) | 23 (33.3) | 0.27 |
Past Medication Exposure, N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Stimulants N, (%) | 18 (17.3) | 7 (20.0) | 11 (15.9) | 0.60 |
Antidepressants N, (%) | 42 (40.4) | 12 (34.3) | 30 (56.5) | 0.37 |
Antipsychotics N, (%) | 21 (20.2) | 6 (17.1) | 15 (21.7) | 0.58 |
Anticonvulsants N, (%) | 20 (19.2) | 4 (11.4) | 16 (23.2) | 0.15 |
Benzodiazepines N, (%) | 3 (2.88) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (4.35) | 0.21 |
Other medications | 9 (8.7) | 2 (5.7) | 7 (10.1) | 0.4 |