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Table 1 Baseline Characteristics of Participants

From: Efficacy of a behavioral self-help treatment with or without therapist guidance for co-morbid and primary insomnia -a randomized controlled trial

Characteristic

Bibliotherapy with support (n = 44)

Bibliotherapy (n = 45)

Waiting list control (n = 44)

Total (N = 133)

P Valuea

Age, mean (SD), years

50.8 (11.8)

47.4 (13.3)

45.4 (16.0)

47.9 (13.9)

.18

Women, No. (%)

33 (75)

36 (80)

40 (90.9)

109 (82)

.14

Marital status, No. (%)

     

   Married/living with partner

30 (68.1)

37 (82.2)

29 (65.9)

96 (72.2)

.64

   Separated/Divorced/Widowed

6 (13.6)

2 (4.4)

5 (11.4)

13 (9.8)

 

   Singel/Other

8 (18.2)

6 (13.3)

10 (22.7)

24 (18.0)

 

Educational level, No. (%)

     

   Compulsary school/Other

2 (4.5)

8 (17.8)

3 (6.8)

13 (9.8)

.30

   Upper secondary school

13 (29.5)

16 (35.6)

18 (40.9)

47 (35.3)

 

   College/University

29 (65.9)

21 (46.7)

23 (52.3)

73 (54.9)

 

Current occuptaion b, No.(%)

     

   Work/Full time studies

27 (61.4)

30 (66.7)

25 (56.8)

82 (61.7)

.63

   On sick-leave

9 (20.4)

5 (11.1)

4 (9.1)

18 (13.5)

.25

   Unemployed

3 (6.8)

2 (4.4)

2 (4.5)

7 (5.3)

.98

   Retired

6 (13.6)

8 (17.8)

9 (20.5)

23 (17.3)

.70

   Works at home/On parental leave/Other

9 (20.4)

5 (11.1)

6 (13.3)

20 (15.0)

.44

Economic situation, No. (%)

     

   Bad/Very bad

3 (6.8)

3 (6.7)

7 (15.9)

13 (9.8)

.36

   Neither good nor bad

13 (29.5)

8 (17.8)

14 (31.8)

35 (26.3)

 

   Good/Very good

28 (63.6)

34 (75.6)

23 (52.3)

85 (63.9)

 

Depression level (MADRS) at screening, mean (SD)

14.1 (6.38)

12.8 (6.05)

15.2 (5.85)

14.0 (6.13)

.19

Insomnia Severity (ISI) at screening, mean (SD)

18.2 (3.5)

18.3 (3.3)

18.3 (3.3)

18.3 (3.3)

.99

History of Insomnia, mean (SD), years

11.7 (13.1)

12.7 (13.1)

11.1 (9.4)

11.8 (12.0)

.82

Co-morbid Insomnia No. (%)

39 (88.6)

44 (97.8)

40 (90.9)

123 (92.5)

.45

Number of co-morbid problems, mean (SD)

2.8 (2.3)

3.7 (2.2)

3.5 (2.2)

3.4 (2.3)

.17

Sleep medication use at pre-assessment, No. (%)

20 (45.5)

14 (31.1)

25 (56.8)

59 (44.3)

.05

  1. a P values are based on analysis of variance or X 2 tests
  2. b more than 1 choice possible