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Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants (n = 354)

From: Cardiac vagal control and theoretical models of co-occurring depression and anxiety: A cross-sectional psychophysiological study of community elderly

 

(n, %)

Age (years)

 

65-74

78 (22.0 %)

75-79

163 (46.0 %)

≧80

113 (31.9 %)

Education (years)

 

< 7

100 (28.2 %)

7-9

69 (19.5 %)

10-12

80 (22.6 %)

≧13

105 (29.7 %)

Body mass index (kg/m2)

 

≧ 25

139 (39.3 %)

Weekly frequency of exercise

 

≧ 1/week

292 (82.5 %)

Smoking status

 

Current smoker

47 (13.3 %)

Sites of data collection

 

Home

245 (69.2 %)

Hospital

109 (30.8 %)

Medical history

 

Diabetes mellitus (n, %)

75 (21.2 %)

Hypertension (n, %)

217 (61.3 %)

Coronary heart disease (n, %)

141 (39.8 %)

Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale

 

Total score (mean ± SD)

7.0 ±4.7

Depression subscore (mean ± SD)

4.8 ± 3.2

Quartile 1 (0–2)

78 (22.0 %)

Quartile 2 (3–4)

131 (37.0 %)

Quartile 3 (5–6)

60 (16.9 %)

Quartile 4 (≧7)

85 (24.0 %)

Anxiety subscore (mean ± SD)

2.2 ± 2.1

Quartile 1 (0)

87 (24.6 %)

Quartile 2 (1)

74 (20.9 %)

Quartile 3 (2–3)

113 (31.9 %)

Quartile 4 (≧4)

80 (22.6 %)