Skip to main content

Table 1 Outcomes measures

From: Interventions to improve executive functioning and working memory in school-aged children with AD(H)D: a randomised controlled trial and stepped-care approach

 

Measure

Informant

T1

T2

T3

Primary outcomes

Creature counting: subtest of Test of Everyday Attention for Children [18], measures attentional control and switching

child

*

*

*

Score!: subtest of Test of Everyday Attention for Children [18], measures sustained attention

child

*

*

*

Digit span: subtest of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-III [19], measures verbal working memory

child

*

*

*

Span board: subtest of Wechsler Non Verbal [21], measures visual working memory

child

*

*

*

Word list interference: subtest from Nepsy-II-nl [20], this subtest is designed to asses verbal working memory, repetition and word recall following interference.

child

*

*

*

Six part test: subtest from Behavioural Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome for Children [22], measures planning, task scheduling and performance monitoring

child

*

*

*

Inhibition: subtest from nepsy-II-nl [20], measures the ability to inhibit automatic responses in favor of novel responses and the ability to switch between respons types.

child

*

*

*

Behaviour Rating of Executive Functions (BRIEF): 70 item questionnaire designed to assess executive functioning in the home and school environments [23]

parent/teacher

*

*

*

Dictation (PI dictee, 16): measures spelling skills

child

*

*

*

Automated math (Tempo Test Automatiseren,15): measures degree of automation of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.

child

*

*

*

Speed reading (Een Minuut Test, 17): measures technical literacy

child

*

*

*

Comprehension of instruction: subtest from nepsy-II-nl [20], measures the ability to receive, process and execute oral instructions of increasing syntactic complexity.

child

*

*

*

Secondary outcomes

Learning conditions test (Leervoorwaarden test, 24): 70 item questionnaire that measures directly and indirectly learning conditions as concentration, motivation, work rate, task orientation, working according to a plan, persistency, social position in class and relationship with peers and teacher.

teacher

*

*

*

Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 6–18 (CBCL/6-18, 25): 113 item questionnaire designed to measure behaviour problems.

parent

*

*

*

Teacher’s Report Form for Ages 6–18 (TRF, 26): 113 item questionnaire designed to measure behaviour problems.

teacher

*

*

*

I-DISC-IV (Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children, 27): structured diagnostic telephonic interview, registered via the internet. Measures presence of symptoms and criteria variables as defined by the DSM-IV [14]. Only the domains ADHD, ODD and CD are administered.

parent

*

  

Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ, 28): is a quick screening questionnaire of 40 items for autism spectrum disorders.

parent

*

  

Kidscreen 27[29]: 27 item questionnaire that measures quality of life with the dimensions physical well-being, psychological well-being, autonomy & parents, peers & social support and school environment.

child/parent

*

*

*

Intelligence Quotient **

Shortened version of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children III[19]: subtest Similarities, Block Design, Vocabulary and Information which gives an estimation of the Total IQ

child

*

  
  1. T1 = baseline T2 = directly after treatment T3 = follow up after 6 months.
  2. ** Intelligence Quotient is only administered if IQ data are not available or when an IQ test has been administered more than two years ago.