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Table 4 Prevalence of comorbid diagnoses (top panel) and positive family history (bottom panel) of cases classified as: (i) ‘anxious-depression’ (ANX-DEP); (ii) ‘mania-fatigue’ (MAN-FAT); or (iii) ‘developmental-psychotic’ (DEV-PSY)

From: Evaluating differential developmental trajectories to adolescent-onset mood and psychotic disorders

 

ANX-DEP

MAN-FAT

DEV-PSY

Significance test

 

(n = 310)

(n = 152)

(n = 143)

χ2 or ANOVA(2,df) [p]

Comorbidity

    

ADHD

13% (40/310)

11% (17/152)

24% (34/143)

12.4 [.015]

Autistic spectrum disorders

7% (20/310)

3% (5/152)

6% (8/143)

2.0 [.371]

Substance use

    

Comorbid substance misuse

37% (115/310)

44% (67/152)

41% (59/143)

2.3 [.313]

Age first nicotine [% cases = users]

14.8 ± 2.5 [56%]

14.6 ± 3.1 [67%]

14.8 ± 2.8 [69%]

F (291) = 0.2 [.850]

Age first alcohol [% cases = users]

14.7 ± 2.4 [78%]

14.4 ± 2.2 [87%]

14.6 ± 3.3 [79%]

F (181.5) = 0.4 [.642]

Age first cannabis [% cases = users]

15.6 ± 2.3 [50%]

15.3 ± 2.7 [60%]

15.3 ± 2.4 [56%]

F (260) = 0.4 [.674]

Family History

    

Depression (n/N)

56% (129/231)

54% (65/120)

24% (27/112)

33.1 [.000]

Anxiety (n/N)

22% (51/231)

34% (41/120)

14% (16/112)

13.2 [.001]

Bipolar (n/N)

12% (27/231)

28% (34/120)

7% (8/112)

24.3 [.000]

Schizophrenia (n/N)

7% (17/231)

18% (22/120)

23% (26/112)

18.2 [.000]

Substance misuse (n/N)

21% (49/231)

30% (36/120)

25% (28/112)

3.3 [.189]

Suicide (n/N)

6% (15/231)

4% (5/120)

6% (7/112)

0.8 [.672]

  1. Note: ‘ADHD’ = Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.