Cannabis use and involuntary admission may mediate long-term adherence in first-episode psychosis patients: a prospective longitudinal study

Table 4 Patient variables associated with change in adherence over 8 years of follow-up

Variable	Total sample (N = 92)	Adherence pattern over 8 years of follow-up				Chi²value (p value)
		Always bad (n = 40)	Always good (n = 24)	Improved from bad to good (n = 23)	Worsened from good to bad (n = 5)
Voluntary admission at baseline, n (%)^a						54.289 (p < 0.001)
No	50 (54.3)	28 (70.0)	0 (0.0)	22 (95.7)	0 (0.0)
Yes	42 (45.7)	12 (30.0)	24 (100.0)	1 (4.3)	5 (100.0)
Evolution of cannabis use, n (%)						24.036 (p = 0.001)
Stop use	23 (25.3)	4 (11.8)	6 (27.8)	9 (38.9)	4 (75.0)
Continue use	27 (29.1)	20 (50.0)	4 (11.1)	3 (11.1)	0 (0.0)
Never use	42 (45.6)	16 (38.2)	14 (61.1)	11 (50.0)	1 (25.0)
GAF at 8 years	55.5 ± 17.9	56.5 ± 16.0	73.4 ± 10.7	62.1 ± 17.0	53.7 ± 19.6	10.245 (p = 0.036)

^aThe percentages of voluntary admission at baseline are different from those in Table 1 because they are calculated for 92 patients at 8 years (6 patients died during follow-up).
Data are presented as mean ± SD or n (%). Total n varies for the different variables due to missing data. The percentage given for each variable refers to the total n available for that variable.
p values are results of Chi-square tests (categorical variables) for the comparison between adherence groups. Values in bold are significant at p < 0.05.
Note: GAF, Global Assessment of Functioning.

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