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Table 3 Psychiatric symptoms and primary substance abuse in the two groups in compulsory care due to substance abuse: ADHD/SUD group and the general SUD group without known ADHD

From: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders with co-existing substance use disorder is characterized by early antisocial behaviour and poor cognitive skills

 

ADHD/SUD

General SUD

   

n = 60

n = 120

χ2

p

Φ

Self-reported hallucinations and other psychotic symptoms

   

Hallucinations and other symptoms of psychosis

35 (58.4%)

77 (64.1%)

.04

.84

.02

No hallucinations or other symptoms of psychosis

20 (33.3%)

41 (34.2%)

Missing

5 (8.3%)

2 (1.7%)

Self-reported symptoms of depression and anxiety

   

Symptoms of depression/anxiety

51 (85.0%)

101 (84.2%)

.69

.41

.06

No symptoms of depression/anxiety

6 (10.0%)

18 (15.0%)

Missing data

3 (5.0%)

1 (0.8%)

Preferred abused substance

    

Heroin

12 (20.0%)

25 (20.8%)

18.3

.049

.32

Amphetamine

29 (48.3%)

36 (30.0%)

Cocaine

3 (5.0%)

1 (0.8%)

Alcohol

4 (6.7%)

26 (21.7%)

Hashish/marijuana

7 (11.7%)

11 (9.2%)

GHB

3 (5.0%)

3 (2.5%)

Benzodiazepines

2 (3.3%)

9 (7.5%)

Opiates other than heroin, including analgesics

0

3 (2.5%)

Solvents

0

3 (2.5%)

Other drugs

0

2 (1.7%)

Missing data

0

1 (0.8%)

Abuse according to drug screening (not alcohol)

   

Benzodiazepines

35 (58.3%)

N/A

   

Hashish/marijuana

29 (48.3%)

N/A

   

Amphetamine

33 (55.0%)

N/A

   

Opiates/Substitution drugs

17 (28.3%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

LSD/GHB/Ecstasy

6 (10.0%)

N/A

   

Missing data due to detoxification before admission

10 (16.7%)

N/A

   

Mean of drugs in positive screening test results (excluding alcohol)

2.72

N/A

   
  1. Note: N/A not assessed in general SUD group.
  2. Note: P-values printed in bold indicate a statistically significant difference.