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Table 2 Ambulatory care sensitive (ACS) hospitalizations among medical and surgical hospitalizations for patients with and without schizophrenia, Nationwide Inpatient Sample 2003 to 2008 a

From: Schizophrenia and potentially preventable hospitalizations in the United States: a retrospective cross-sectional study

 

Percent (95% CI)

Odds ratio (95% CI)

 

With

Without

 

Indicator

schizophrenia

schizophrenia

 

Overall ACS hospitalizations:

20.88 (20.55-21.22)

13.13 (12.89-13.37)

1.75 (1.71-1.79)

Acute ACS hospitalizations:

   

Bacterial pneumonia

4.87 (4.71-5.03)

1.21 (4.71-5.03)

1.94 (1.87-2.00)

Urinary tract infection

1.65 (1.57-1.73)

1.24 (1.22-1.27)

1.34 (1.27-1.40)

Dehydration

2.57 (2.53-2.62)

0.73 (0.71-0.75)

1.67 (1.58-1.76)

Perforated appendixb

51.41 (47.47-55.06)

26.71 (26.31-27.12)

2.90 (2.51-3.36)

Composite acute ACSc

7.57 (7.39-7.76)

4.43 (4.36-4.50)

1.77 (1.72-1.82)

Chronic ACS hospitalizations:

   

CHF

2.99 (2.85-3.13)

2.30 (2.24-2.37)

1.31 (1.25-1.37)

COPD

3.25 (3.10-3.41)

1.37 (1.33-1.41)

2.42 (2.31-2.53)

Asthma

2.10 (2.00-2.21)

1.58 (1.53-1.63)

1.34 (1.28-1.40)

DM long-term complication

1.70 (1.61-1.78)

1.29 (1.26-1.32)

1.32 (1.26-1.39)

DM short-term complication

1.49 (1.41-1.58)

0.92 (0.90-0.94)

1.63 (1.54-1.73)

Hypertension

0.61 (0.56-0.66)

0.58 (0.56-0.60)

1.05 (0.98-1.13)

Angina without procedure

0.28 (0.25-0.31)

0.41 (0.39-0.43)

0.68 (0.61-0.75)

Lower-extremity amputationd

1.02 (0.92-1.12)

1.65 (1.61-1.69)

0.61 (0.55-0.67)

Uncontrolled diabetes

0.84 (0.78-0.91)

0.27 (0.25-0.28)

3.15 (2.95-3.36)

Composite chronic ACS

13.31 (13.02-13.6)

8.70 (8.51-8.89)

1.61 (1.57-1.65)

  1. Abbreviations: ACS, ambulatory care sensitive; CHF, congestive heart failure; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; CI, confidence interval.
  2. a Results are nationally weighted and account for stratified sampling.
  3. b Among admissions for appendicitis.
  4. c Does not include admissions for perforated appendix.
  5. d Among admissions for diabetes.