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Table 3 Associations between depression-anxiety status and chronic physical conditions a adjusted risk ratios (ARR) and 95% confidence intervals medical expenditure panel survey, 2007 and 2009

From: Excess risk of chronic physical conditions associated with depression and anxiety

 

Depression only

Anxiety only

Comorbid

Depression and anxiety

 

ARR

[95% CI]

P-value

ARR

[95% CI]

P-value

ARR

[95% CI]

P-value

Arthritis

1.94

[1.75,2.14]

<0.0001

1.71

[1.54,1.90]

<0.0001

2.04

[1.79,2.33]

<0.0001

Asthma

1.78

[1.50,2.11]

<0.0001

1.4

[1.13,1.75]

0.0023

2.16

[1.66,2.81]

<0.0001

COPD

1.76

[1.54,2.02]

<0.0001

1.62

[1.37,1.91]

<0.0001

2.05

[1.68,2.49]

<0.0001

Diabetes

1.59

[1.37,1.84]

<0.0001

1.21

[1.00,1.47]

0.0457

1.64

[1.33,2.02]

<0.0001

Heart disease

1.56

[1.34,1.81]

<0.0001

1.74

[1.45,2.09]

<0.0001

2.16

[1.77,2.63]

<0.0001

Hypertension

1.49

[1.36,1.64]

<0.0001

1.48

[1.31,1.68]

<0.0001

1.66

[1.44,1.93]

<0.0001

Osteoporosis

1.78

[1.22,2.61]

0.0433

1.6

[1.01,2.53]

0.0029

2.47

[1.47,4.15]

0.0007

  1. Note: Analytic sample comprised of adults, 22–64 years of age with no self-reported diagnosis of schizophrenia, psychoses, attention deficit hyper activity disorders, adjustment disorders, substance abuse disorders and personality disorders.
  2. Reference group for multivariable complementary log-log regression estimates: “no depression and no anxiety
  3. aModel Controlled for modifiable lifestyle risk factors (weight-status, physical activity, smoking status), age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, whether residing in a metro area (yes/no) and health insurance.
  4. COPD = Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
  5. Significant if P < =0.007.