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Table 1 Neurobehavioral functions

From: Neurobehavioral consequences of chronic intrauterine opioid exposure in infants and preschool children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Main domain

Definition

Tests

General cognitive

Child’s ability to learn and solve problems

WPPSI-R, DAS, SBIS, MSCA,MSEL, GDS, BSID

Language

Child’s ability to both understand and use language

PPVT-III, NEPSY, RDLS, GDS

Non verbal processing

Child’s ability to organize the visual-spatial field, adapt to new or novel situations, and/or accurately read nonverbal signals and cues.

K-ABC, Non verbal subtests of DAS, WPPSI, MSCA

Psychomotor

The child’s ability to connect thoughts with muscle movements

Vineland Motor Domain, MSCA, NEPSY, GDS, BSID

Executive functions

Child’s ability to analyze situations, plan and take action, focus and maintain attention, and adjust actions as needed to get the job done

WPPSI-R Animal Pegs, NEPSY, GDS

Memory

Child’s ability to hold and manipulate information over brief periods of time, in the course of ongoing cognitive activities

DAS, MSCA, BSID, NEPSY

Social/emotional adjustment

Child’s ability to interact with others, including helping themselves and self-control.

VSS, CBC, CBRS, GDS, IBR, RPD-Q, VSMS

  1. BSID, Bayley Scales of Infant Development Test (Motor and Cognitive); CBRS, Conners’ Behavior Rating Scale; CBC, Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist; DAS, Differential Ability Scale-Preschool Core; GDS, Griffiths Developmental Scale; IBR, Bayley’s Infant Behaviour Record; K-ABC, Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children; MCSA, McCarthy Scales of Children’s Abilities; MSEL, Mullen Scales of Early Learning; NEPSY, Developmental NEuroPSYchological Assessment; PPVT-III, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-3 rd Edition; RPD-Q, Rapid Pre-screening Denver Questionnaire; RDLS, Reynell Developmental Language Scale; SBIS, Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale; VSS, Vineland Social-Emotional Early Childhood Scales; VSMS, Vineland Social Maturity Scale; WPPSI-R, Weschler Preschool and Primary Scale of intelligence-Revised.