Table 3 Univariate and multivariable analysis of factors associated with suicidal behavior (attempted or completed suicide) during the course of follow-up among the Butajira cohort

Gender

 Female

Ref.

Ref.

 Male

0.71

0.52,0.99

0.047

1.05

0.69,1.59

0.825

Age group at enrolment (years)

 <20

Ref.

Ref.

 20-29

0.94

0.53,1.68

0.837

0.66

0.35,1.26

0.210

 30-39

1.22

0.68,2.18

0.503

0.65

0.32,1.31

0.228

 ≥40

0.99

0.51,1.89

0.971

0.41

0.18,0.93

0.033

Marital status

 Never married

Ref.

Ref.

 Married

2.22

1.53,3.23

<0.001

2.17

1.21,3.91

0.010

 Separated/divorce/widowed

1.52

0.86,2.68

0.146

1.69

0.86,3.33

0.130

Having children

 No

Ref.

Ref.

 Yes

1.79

1.28,2.49

0.001

1.20

0.70,2.01

0.508

Educational status

 Non-literate

Ref.

Ref.

 Literate

0.80

0.57,1.13

0.207

0.85

0.57,1.28

0.441

Religion

 Muslim

Ref.

Ref.

 Christian

0.76

0.52,1.09

0.137

0.69

0.46,1.03

 Protestant

1.12

0.55,2.26

0.755

1.21

0.58,2.54

0.607

Area of residence

 Urban

Ref.

Ref.

 Rural

1.18

0.78,1.78

0.433

1.01

0.64,1.60

0.957

Diagnosis

 Schizophrenia

Ref.

Ref.

 Bipolar I

2.07

1.40,3.07

<0.001

2.59

1.57,4.26

<0.001

 MDD

2.39

1.56,3.69

<0.001

2.71

1.60,4.58

<0.001

History of alcohol/khat abuse

 Absent

Ref.

Ref.

 Present

1.18

0.79,1.77

0.422

1.84

1.14-2.96

0.013

Follow-up treatment status

 Received treatment for < 50% of the follow-up period

Ref.

Ref.

 Received treatment for > 50% of the follow-up period

1.08

0.73,1.59

0.701

1.45

0.95,2.24

0.088

Global assessment of functioning score at enrollment

1.00

0.99,1.01

0.918

0.99

0.98, 0.997

0.009