Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of studies between internet addiction and psychiatric co-morbidity
From: The association between internet addiction and psychiatric co-morbidity: a meta-analysis
Study (date) | Study location | Study design | Population | Case definition | Description of controls | Number of subjects (n) (IA/controls) | Proportion of gender in all subjects (% males) | Proportion of gender in IA patients (% males) | Mean age of all subjects (in years) | Method of assessment for psychiatric co-morbidity | Psychiatric comorbidity studied | Prevalence of psychiatric co-morbidity (IA/ controls) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alavi et al. (2011) [17] | Iran | Cross- sectional | College student | YDQ and IAT | Community sample | 36/214 | 38.0 | 61.1 | 22.5 | SCL-90-R | Depression | 44.4/17.8 |
Anxiety | 50.0/19.8 | |||||||||||
Ko et al. (2009) [18] | Taiwan | Observational cohort study | 7th grade students from 10 junior high schools | CIAS | Community sample | 276/1572 | 56.1 | 63.8 | 12.4 | CES-D | Depression | 14.3/9.3 |
ADHDA | ADHD | 19.5/10.1 | ||||||||||
BV-FNE | Anxiety | 20.3/15.7 | ||||||||||
Yen et al. (2009) [19] | Taiwan | Case -control | College students | CIAS | Community sample | 246/1746 | 29.2 | 45.1 | 20.5 | CES-D | Depression | 26.4/10.1 |
AUDIT | Alcohol | 13.0/5.7 | ||||||||||
Yen et al. (2009) [20] | Taiwan | Case control | Students from 8 colleges | CIAS | Community sample | 338/2281 | 33.5 | 51.8 | 20.5 | ASRS | ADHD | 20.7/8.3 |
Bakken et al. (2009) [21] | Norway | Cross- sectional | National postal survey | YDQ score of ≥ 3 | Community sample and YDQ score of 2 and below | 212/3181 | 47.1 | NA | 45.8 | Self-reported feelings of depression, anxiety, alcohol abuse | Depression | 36.0/15.4 |
Anxiety | 16.5/5.6 | |||||||||||
Alcohol | 6.1/1.2 | |||||||||||
Ko et al. (2008) [22] | Taiwan | Observational cohort study | Student from 2 classes per grade from a random selection of 3 senior high schools and 7 vocational high school | CIAS | Community sample | 366/1632 | 56.8 | 71.3 | 16.3 | CRAFFT substance abuse screening test | Alcohol | 25.1/11.0 |
Ko et al. (2008) [23] | Taiwan | Case -control | Respondents to an advertisement regarding internet usage | DC-IA-C | Community sample | 87/129 | 61.1 | 74.7 | 21.5 | Chinese Version of the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric interview | Depression | 18.3/6.2 |
ADHD | 32.2/8.5 | |||||||||||
Anxiety | 14.9/6.2 | |||||||||||
Yoo et al. (2004) [24] | Korea | Case- control | Elementary school students | IAT | Community sample | 80/455 | 49.3 | 68.8 | 11.1 | K-ARS | ADHD | 22.5/8.1 |