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Table 2 Characteristics of study subjects according to tertiles (T) of ghrelin (ng/mL)

From: Association of serum leptin and ghrelin with depressive symptoms in a Japanese working population: a cross-sectional study

 

Men

Women

T1 (low)

T2

T3 (high)

Trend P a

T1 (low)

T2

T3 (high)

Trend P a

n

96

96

95

 

70

70

70

 

Age (mean ± S.D., year)

47.0 ± 11.2

43.2 ± 10.6

43.9 ± 11.1

0.052

44.6 ± 9.9

42.5 ± 10.9

41.0 ± 9.4

0.24

BMI (mean ± S.D., kg/m2)

24.3 ± 3.5

23.2 ± 2.9

22.2 ± 2.7

<0.01

22.2 ± 2.9

21.2 ± 2.8

20.1 ± 2.9

< 0.01

Workplace (A, %)b

25.0

31.3

40.0

0.08

24.3

28.6

11.4

0.06

Married (%)

78.1

79.2

82.1

0.49

68.6

64.3

67.1

0.86

Job position (low, %)

50.0

50.0

54.7

0.51

51.4

74.3

68.6

0.03

Sedentary work (%)

84.4

93.8

91.6

0.09

68.6

65.7

71.4

0.72

Non-job physical activity (≥2 h/week, %)c

55.2

32.3

53.7

0.60

24.3

25.7

27.1

0.56

Current smoker (%)

39.6

40.6

41.1

0.84

2.7

1.4

8.6

0.09

Current alcohol drinker (%)

64.6

66.7

77.9

0.046

37.1

51.4

55.7

0.03

Energy intake (kcal/day)

1939 ± 585

1897 ± 534

1933 ± 444

0.93

1622 ± 420

1561 ± 432

1567 ± 385

0.43

Serum folate (ng/mL) median (IQR)

5.3 (4.3 - 6.8)

5.3 (4.3 - 6.7)

5.2 (3.9 - 6.8)

0.43

6.4 (5.4 - 7.3)

6.4 (5.5 - 8.8)

6.5 (5.5 - 8.8)

0.07

Serum ferritin (μg/L) median (IQR)

136.0 (84.7 - 189.5)

153.5 (101.6 - 245.0)

147.0 (90.2 - 211.0)

0.61

28.6 (9.6 - 60.2)

38.6 (16.7 - 89.9)

42.1 (16.8 - 81.4)

0.48

  1. Abbreviation: BMI body mass index, IQR interquartile range.
  2. aOn the basis of Mantel-Haenszel chi-square test for categorical variables and linear regression analysis for continuous variables, assigning ordinal numbers 1–3 to tertiles of ghrelin.
  3. bTwo worksites of our study population was denoted as workplace A and workplace B.
  4. cPhysical activity was expressed as the sum of weekly hours spent for sport activity, as well as walking and cycling on commuting to and from work.