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Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the study sample and associations with PHQ-4 scores

From: Standardization of the Colombian version of the PHQ-4 in the general population

 

Total sample

PHQ-4

Group differences

n

%

M

SD

Pvalue

Effect sizeb

Gender

Male

724

48.3

1.13

1.90

< .01

d = 0.14

 

Female

776

51.7

1.41

2.09

  

Age group, yr.

18-24

279

18.6

1.18

2.09

.16

η2 = 0.06

 

25-34

282

18.8

1.11

1.80

  
 

35-44

286

19.1

1.17

1.88

  
 

45-54

267

17.8

1.37

2.19

  
 

55-64

216

14.4

1.40

1.98

  
 

≥ 65

170

11.3

1.55

2.11

  

Cohabitation

Yes

764

50.9

1.32

2.02

.41

d = 0.04

 

No

736

49.1

1.23

1.99

  

Marital Status

Married

490

32.7

1.14

1.94

.10

η2 = 0.03

 

Living together

274

18.3

1.40

2.08

  
 

Single

510

34.0

1.25

2.06

  
 

Divorced

152

10.1

1.35

1.88

  
 

Widowed

74

4.9

1.74

2.01

  

Education

≤ 5 years

228

15.2

1.77

2.26

<.001

η2 = 0.20

 

6-9 years

544

36.3

1.38

2.04

  
 

10-13 years

266

17.8

1.12

2.00

  
 

≥ 14 years

431

9.6

1.03

1.76

  
 

None

31

2.1

1.52

2.13

  

Employment

Pupil or Student

183

12.2

1.34

2.19

<.01

η2 = 0.12

 

Unemployed

107

7.1

1.36

2.03

  
 

Handicapped

21

1.4

2.71

3.29

  
 

Retired

111

7.4

1.41

1.87

  
 

Housewife/Househusband

348

23.2

1.41

1.96

  
 

Employed

730

48.7

1.12

2.93

  

Net household incomea

< 400,000

145

11.5

1.78

2.45

< .001

η2 = 0.02

400,000 to 800,000

403

32.0

1.29

1.89

  
 

800,000 to 1600,000

317

25.2

1.34

2.03

  
 

> 1600,000

393

31.2

0.97

1.76

  
  1. aIncome in Colombian pesos (COP), 1,000 COP = 0.43 EUR = 0.57 USD.
  2. bEffect sizes defined as follows: “small, d = .2, η2 = .02”, “medium, d = .5, η2 = .13”, “large, d = .8, η2 = .26”.
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BMC Psychiatry

ISSN: 1471-244X

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