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Table 6 Selected logistic regressions for lifetime suicide attempts by remoteness comparing 2007-NSMHWB and ARMHS samples

From: Determinants of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts: parallel cross-sectional analyses examining geographical location

Characteristic (predictor or exposure variable) Category 2007-NSMHWB# ARMHS#
Major cities (n = 5388) n (%) Inner regional (n = 1943) n (%) Other (n = 1132) n (%) AOR p-value Inner regional (n = 251) n (%) Other (n = 383) n (%) AOR p-value
Demographic factors           
Age in years 18-44 118 (4.3) 33 (4.2) 25 (5.2) . . 9 (15) 9 (12) . .
45-64 63 (4.1) 28 (4.2) 23 (6.4) 1.1 0.560 10 (7.4) 15 (7.3) 0.58 0.103
65-85 12 (1.1) 10 (2.0) 5 (1.7) 0.42 <0.001 1 (1.8) 3 (3.0) 0.21 0.007
Gender Male 65 (2.7) 24 (2.7) 17 (3.3) . . 10 (9.7) 7 (4.8) . .
Female 128 (4.3) 47 (4.5) 36 (5.8) 1.4 0.003 10 (6.8) 20 (8.5) 1.1 0.759
Marital status Not married 154 (5.3) 56 (5.9) 40 (6.6) . . 13 (14) 19 (14) . .
Currently married 39 (1.6) 15 (1.5) 13 (2.5) 0.36 <0.001 7 (4.4) 8 (3.3) 0.29 <0.001
Education No university degree 129 (4.0) 54 (3.8) 44 (5.0) . . 15 (8.1) 21 (6.6) . .
University or higher degree 64 (3.0) 17 (3.2) 9 (3.5) 0.69 0.004 5 (7.6) 6 (9.2) 1.0 0.956
Employment status Employed 119 (3.4) 31 (2.7) 26 (3.9) . . 5 (4.0) 13 (6.3) . .
Not in Workforce 61 (3.4) 37 (4.9) 25 (5.9) 1.5 0.004 11 (9.5) 13 (8.1) 3.0 0.002
Unemployed 13 (11) 3 (9.1) 2 (5.6) 2.3 0.002 4 (44) 1 (10) 5.0 0.009
Financial adversity Low 116 (2.5) 44 (2.6) 30 (3.2) . . 5 (3.5) 10 (4.5) . .
Moderate 49 (8.0) 16 (7.1) 18 (12) 1.9 <0.001 8 (17) 8 (11) 3.0 0.005
High 28 (24) 11 (21) 5 (19) 4.3 <0.001 4 (22) 5 (19) 2.9 0.036
Physical health           
Smoking No 104 (2.4) 37 (2.5) 22 (2.6) . . 11 (6.3) 13 (5.0) . .
Yes 89 (8.0) 34 (7.7) 31 (11) 2.7 <0.001 7 (19) 9 (15) 2.1 0.051
Number of chronic diseases 0 127 (3.4) 46 (3.9) 34 (4.8) . . 14 (9.9) 19 (8.8) . .
1 48 (4.0) 17 (3.2) 12 (4.1) 1.3 0.294 4 (4.6) 5 (4.1) 0.60 0.218
> = 2 18 (3.7) 8 (3.4) 7 (5.5) 1.3 0.160 2 (8.7) 3 (6.5) 1.5 0.502
Mental health           
Psychological distress (K10) Low 62 (1.6) 23 (1.7) 16 (1.9) . . 4 (5.7) 3 (2.5) . .
  Moderate 71 (5.8) 28 (6.3) 24 (9.6) 3.7 <0.001 6 (4.7) 12 (6.3) 1.3 0.527
High 60 (18) 20 (17) 13 (23) 12 <0.001 10 (19) 12 (16) 4.7 <0.001
Any affective disorder No lifetime diagnosis 72 (1.6) 27 (1.6) 23 (2.4) . . 6 (3.2) 11 (3.6) . .
Lifetime diagnosis with 12 month symptoms 56 (17) 20 (18) 14 (21) 5.1 <0.001 11 (28) 10 (26) 6.7 <0.001
Lifetime diagnosis with no 12 month symptoms 65 (13) 24 (14) 16 (15) 6.4 <0.001 3 (12) 6 (15) 4.0 0.002
Any anxiety disorder No lifetime diagnosis 53 (1.3) 18 (1.3) 13 (1.6) . . 2 (1.5) 7 (3.0) . .
Lifetime diagnosis with 12 month symptoms 96 (13) 39 (15) 30 (19) 6.0 <0.001 15 (19) 14 (16) 6.0 <0.001
Lifetime diagnosis with no 12 month symptoms 44 (6.7) 14 (5.5) 10 (6.8) 3.8 <0.001 3 (8.1) 6 (9.5) 3.6 0.010
Any substance use disorders No lifetime diagnosis 81 (1.9) 35 (2.4) 23 (2.9) . . 8 (4.1) 13 (4.6) . .
Lifetime diagnosis with 12 month symptoms 35 (14) 11 (14) 7 (13) 5.2 <0.001 3 (38) 3 (27) 6.1 0.003
Lifetime diagnosis with no 12 month symptoms 77 (7.9) 25 (6.1) 23 (8.1) 3.7 <0.001 9 (18) 11 (13) 3.1 0.001
Any lifetime psychiatric disorder No 12 (0.5) 5 (0.6) 5 (1.0) . . 1 (1.1)   . .
Yes 181 (6.6) 66 (6.2) 48 (7.7) 7.7 <0.001 19 (12) 27 (11) 19 0.004
Any 12 month psychiatric disorder No 67 (1.6) 26 (1.7) 17 (1.9) . . 3 (2.0) 7 (2.9) . .
Yes 126 (10) 45 (10) 36 (14) 3.5 <0.001 17 (17) 20 (14) 5.0 <0.001
Two or more psychiatric disorders No 39 (1.0) 12 (0.8) 8 (1.0) . . 2 (1.4) 7 (2.9) . .
Yes 154 (11) 59 (11) 45 (14) 8.1 <0.001 18 (17) 20 (14) 5.3 <0.001
Health service use in past 12 months           
Any professional mental health service use No 77 (1.7) 23 (1.4) 21 (2.1) . . 8 (4.4) 14 (5.0) . .
Yes 116 (14) 48 (18) 32 (23) 6.5 <0.001 12 (17) 13 (13) 2.5 0.007
Consulted a mental health professional and did not get as much help/info as needed No, needs met 46 (13) 21 (20) 12 (23) . . 6 (13) 7 (9.7) . .
Yes, unmet need 23 (27) 4 (24) 3 (25) 1.4 0.230 8 (31) 8 (22) 2.1 0.086
  1. NSMHWB: National Survey Mental Health and Well-being (aged 18–85); ARMHS: Australian Rural Mental Health Study.
  2. #Bracketed values refer to the percentage of each predictor (or exposure) variable sub-category reporting lifetime suicide attempt; see Additional file 1: Table S1 for cell sizes.
  3. Note: Each predictor variable was included in a separate logistic regression, controlling for age, gender, and K10 psychological distress score (as appropriate); AOR: Adjusted Odds Ratio - adjusted for the covariates; bolded p-values are statistically significant (against Bonferroni-adjusted thresholds); see Additional file 5: Table S5a and Additional file 5: Table S5b for AOR Confidence Intervals and (non-significant) Predictor variable x Region interactions.
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BMC Psychiatry

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