From: Hypomania spectrum disorder in adolescence: a 15-year follow-up of non-mood morbidity in adulthood
Comorbid diagnoses in adolescence (<18 years) | Full-syndromal hypomaniaan = 40 (%) | All hypomania spectrum n = 90 (%) | MDD n = 197 (%) | Controls n = 229 (%) | OR (95% CI)ball hypomania vs. MDD | OR (95% CI)ball hypomania vs. controls |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Separation anxiety disorder | 20 (50) | 32 (36) | 77 (39) | 26 (11) | 0.88 (052–1.48) | 4.49 (2.46-8.18)*** |
Avoidant disorder | 7 (18) | 14 (16) | 23 (12) | 4 (2) | 1.42 (0.69-2.95) | 10.10 (3.21-31.74)*** |
Overanxious disorder | 16 (40) | 27 (30) | 74 (38) | 10 (4) | 0.71 (0.41-1.22) | 9.42 (4.31-20.58)*** |
Panic disorder | 5 (13) | 12 (13) | 26 (13) | 2 (1) | 1.09 (0.52-2.30) | 19.96 (4.33-91.94)*** |
OCD | 18 (45) | 26 (29) | 47 (24) | 10 (4) | 1.30 (073–2.29) | 9.23 (4.20-20.28)*** |
PTSD | 2 (5) | 3 (3) | 11 (6) | 1 (0) | 0.57 (0.15-2.11) | 7.96 (0.81-78.26) |
Psychotic symptoms | 4 (10) | 9 (10) | 6 (3) | - | 3.67 (1.25-10.82)* | - 1 |
Anorexia nervosa | - | - | 10 (5) | 1 (0) | - 1 | - 1 |
Bulimia nervosa | - | 1 (1) | 3 (2) | - | 0.88 (0.09-8.64) | - 1 |
ADHD | 8 (20) | 13 (14) | 20 (10) | 2 (1) | 1.24 (0.57-2.70) | 17.70 (3.87-80.85)*** |
CD | 12 (30) | 29 (32) | 39 (20) | 10 (4) | 1.71 (0.96-3.05) | 10.24 (4.72-22.23)*** |
ODD | 4 (10) | 8 (9) | 20 (10) | 2 (1) | 0.91 (0.38-2.18) | 11.55 (2.39-55.85)** |
Drug/sniffing/alcohol abuse | 5 (13) | 12 (13) | 16 (8) | 2 (1) | 1.56 (0.69-3.52) | 18.17 (3.96-83.42)*** |
Any comorbidity | 34 (85) | 70 (78) | 157 (80) | 58 (25) | 0.89 (0.48-1.65) | 10.56 (5.88-18.97)*** |