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Table 3 Comparison of brain structure volumes in controls and patients.

From: Morphological correlates to cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia as studied with Bayesian regression

  

Controls

Patients

 
  

Mean

SD

n

Mean

SD

n

p

1

Total intracranial volume*

1461

148

65

1500

125

71

0.10

2

Frontal cortex

250

28.5

65

257

24.5

71

0.15

3

Occipital cortex

69.7

9.07

65

71.4

8.70

71

0.27

4

Temporal cortex

149

14.9

65

149

12.9

71

0.80

5

Parietal cortex

138

18.1

65

143

13.3

71

0.088

6

Subcortical

50.7

5.82

65

52.4

4.18

71

0.047

7

Ventricles (lateral and 3rd)*

19.6

8.60

65

27.1

11.2

71

<0.0001

8

Corpus callosum*

1.57

0.24

41

1.50

0.26

63

0.20

9

Caudate

3.49

0.43

27

3.87

0.61

45

0.006

10

Putamen

5.03

0.62

27

5.57

0.64

45

0.0009

11

Hippocampus

2.68

0.39

26

2.43

0.43

37

0.022

12

Cerebellar lobes

88.8

7.58

26

91.0

7.76

38

0.25

13

Vermis (posterior inferior)

2.22

0.32

26

1.99

0.32

37

0.006

14

Vermis (posterior superior)

2.37

0.43

26

1.75

0.28

37

<0.0001

15

Vermis (anterior)

3.83

0.49

26

3.44

0.47

37

0.0027

16

Cerebellar tonsil

1.70

0.68

26

1.24

0.63

37

0.008

  1. Affected patients show a number of gray matter reductions when compared to healthy controls. The most significant changes are enlarged ventricular volume and putamen gray matter volume, and reduced posterior superior vermis gray matter volume.
  2. Shown are the mean and standard deviation of gray matter volumes, with the exception of the three items marked with a *. These are as follows: Total intracranial volume includes all area within the skull. The corpus callosum measure is the sum of the area of the three mid-sagittal slices. For the ventricles the volume of cerebrospinal fluid was measured. The subcortical structures (items 2–10) were measured with manual delineation, while the remaining items (11–16) were measured automatically via Talairach registration. All measures (except the corpus callosum) are in milliliters. P-values represent probability using Student's t-test uncorrected for multiple comparisons. Applying FDR to the p-values suggests that values of p less than 0.025 are expected to have less than 5% chance of being false positives.