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Table 4 Comparisons of individuals with opioid dependence and controls on cognitive measures using ANOVA

From: Cognitive function during early abstinence from opioid dependence: a comparison to age, gender, and verbal intelligence matched controls

 

Controls (n = 15)

Individuals with Opioid Dependence (n = 15)

    

Domain

Mean ± SD (CI)a

Mean ± SD (CI)

F

df

d

P

Test

Attention

      

   PASAT

47.5 ± 7.8 (43.2 – 51.8)

36.1 ± 10.1 (30.4 – 41.7)

12.00

1,28

1.26

0.002

   WMS-R Digit Span

15.4 ± 3.8

14.9 ± 2.7

0.15

1,28

0.15

NS

Memory

      

   RAVLT, sum of learning trials 1–3

32.3 ± 6.1

28.9 ± 6.0

2.64

1, 28

0.56

NS

   RAVLT, delayed recall

10.7 ± 2.8

9.0 ± 2.8

2.65

1, 28

0.61

NS

   WMS-R Logical Memory, immediate

28.0 ± 5.5

25.9 ± 8.1

0.72

1, 28

0.30

NS

   WMS-R Logical Memory, delayed recall

25.1 ± 6.6

22.3 ± 7.3

1.20

1, 28

0.40

NS

   BVRT, number of right figures

7.4 ± 1.3

6.8 ± 1.6

0.88

1, 28

0.41

NS

Executive function

      

   Stroop, modified interference time

24.5 ± 12.0

25.1 ± 8.8

0.30

1, 28

0.12

NS

   RFFT, unique designs

86.3 ± 22.6 (73.9 – 98.8)

68.1 ± 21.2 (43.2 – 51.8)

5.22

1, 28

0.83

0.03

   RFFT, perseverative errors

2.8 (2.6)

3.4 (2.9)

0.34

1,28

0.22

NS.

Fluid intelligence

      

   CFIT

34.0 ± 3.8 (32.5 – 36.7)

30.4 ± 4.2 (28.0 – 32.8)

7.97

1, 27

0.90

0.009

  1. a CI = confidence interval
  2. Note: CFIT = Culture Fair Intelligence Test; PASAT = Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task; WMS-R = Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised; RAVLT = Rey Auditory Verbal Learning; BVRT = Benton Visual Retention Test; RFFT = Ruff Figural Fluency Test.