Table 2 Univariate associations between candidate variables and admission by eight weeks
Variable (N = for this analysis) | Percentage within each category admitted at 8 weeks:- No. admitted/total number in category (%) | Odds ratio for being admitted at 8 weeks, (95% confidence interval) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Overall rate of admission to hospital within 8 weeks (358) | 157/358 (44%) | ||
Sex: male (358) | 94/185 (51%) | 1.80(1.18 to 2.75) | 0.006 |
Ethnic Group: (358) | |||
White European | 107/246 (44%) | Reference group | 0.07 |
Black Caribbean | 11/29 (38%) | 0.79 (0.36 to 1.75) | |
Black African | 26/42 (62%) | 2.11 (1.08 to 4.13) | |
Black Other | 5/11 (46%) | 1.08 (0.32 to 3.64) | |
Asian | 6/17 (35%) | 0.71 (0.25 to 1.98) | |
Mixed or other | 2/13 (15%) | 0.24 (0.05 to 1.09) | |
Homeless including temporary accommodation (353) | 17/32 (53%) | 1.52 (0.73 to 3.15) | 0.26 |
Living alone, including with children under 18 years but no adults (357) | 86/203 (42%) | 0.88 (0.58 to 1.34) | 0.56 |
Employed (including voluntary or sheltered employment, studying) (358) | 36/74 (49%) | 1.28 (0.76 to 2.13) | 0.35 |
Comorbid substance misuse (345) | 62/141 (44%) | 1.08 (0.70 to 1.66) | 0.74 |
Psychiatric admission in past two years (355) | 60/115 (52%) | 1.67 (1.06 to 2.61) | 0.03 |
History of being compulsorily admitted (346) | 75/141 (53%) | 2.06 (1.33 to 3.18) | 0.001 |
On CPA (see table 2 footnote?) | 74/176 (42%) | 0.85 (0.56 to 1.29) | 0.44 |
Moderate or severe ratings by staff regarding: (357) | |||
Risk of deliberate self harm | 53/144 (37%) | 0.61(0.40 to 0.94) | 0.025 |
Risk of unintentional self harm (e.g. through self neglect) | 59/96 (62%) | 2.65 (1.64 to 4.29) | <0.001 |
Risk from others (e.g. through assault, exploitation by others) | 61/120 (51%) | 1.52 (0.98 to 2.36) | 0.06 |
Risk of harm to others Presenting symptoms in crisis (358) | 68/110 (62%) | 2.87 (1.81 to 4.57) | <0.001 |
Psychotic symptoms | 112/213 (53%) | 2.46 (1.58 to 3.84) | <0.001 |
Depressive symptoms | 61/172 (36%) | 0.52 (0.34 to 0.79) | 0.002 |
Manic symptoms | 36/67 (54%) | 1.63 (0.96 to 2.78) | 0.07 |
Uncooperative with process of arranging and carrying out initial assessment (350) | 59/76 (78%) | 6.98 (3.85 to 12.66) | <0.001 |
Violence in two years before crisis (343) | 52/91 (57%) | 2.10 (1.30 to 3.41) | 0.003 |
Deliberate self harm in past two years (351) | 43/121 (36%) | 0.63 (0.40 to 1.00) | 0.05 |
Assessment carried out in Accident and Emergency department (357) | 60/127 (47%) | 1.23 (0.79 to 1.90) | 0.36 |
Assessment carried outside office hours (340) | 66/119 (56%) | 2.11 (1.34 to 3.32) | 0.001 |
Referred by police (358) | 26/39 (67%) | 2.87 (1.42 to 5.79) | 0.003 |
Self-referral (358) | 46/140 (33%) | 0.47 (0.30 to 0.73) | 0.001 |
Primary or secondary diagnosis of personality disorder (348) | 18/46 (39%) | 0.83 (0.44 to 1.56) | 0.56 |
Crisis team available to patient (358): | |||
North Islington team (135) | 29/135 (22%) | reference | <0.001 |
South Islington team (123) | 63/123 (51%) | 3.84 (2.23 to 6.60) | |
North Southwark team (100) | 65/100 (65%) | 6.79 (3.80 to 12.14) | |
Characteristic | Mean and standard deviation for whole group | Mean difference between those admitted at 8 weeks and those not admitted | p-value |
Mean Age (358) | 38.0(12) | 1.88 (-0.63 to 4.38) | 0.14 |
Severity of clinical and Social Problems: | |||
HoNOS total symptom severity (343) | 5.0(2.0) | -0.11 (-0.54 to 0.31) | 0.60 |
HoNOS total social problem severity (344) | 6.6(4.6) | -1.84 (-2.81 to -0.88) | 0.001 |