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Table 2 Characteristics of the patient sample.

From: Narcissism in patients admitted to psychiatric acute wards: its relation to violence, suicidality and other psychopathology

Variables

Low narcissism (n = 88)

High narcissism (n = 98)

P

Effect Size

Total sample (n = 186)

Age, mean (SD)

39.2 (13.5)

35.7 (13.1)

0.07

 

37.3 (13.4)

 

N (%)

N (%)

   

Gender

  

<0.001

0.53.

 

Females

48 (55)

28 (29)

  

76 (41)

Males

40 (45)

70 (71)

  

110 (59)

Civil status

  

0.44

  

Married/Cohabiting

26 (29)

24 (24)

  

50 (27)

Single

62 (71)

74 (76)

  

136 (73)

Level of education

  

0.22

  

≤ 9 years

34 (39)

27 (28)

  

61 (33)

10 – 11 years

31 (35)

45 (46)

  

76 (41)

≥ 12 years

23 (26)

26 (26)

  

49 (26)

Job status

  

0.83

  

Working

23 (26)

27 (28)

  

50 (27)

Unemployed, pensioned

65 (74)

71 (72)

  

136 (73)

Admission status

  

0.001

0.49

 

Voluntary

53 (60)

35 (36)

  

88 (47)

Involuntary

35 (40)

63 (64)

  

98 (53)

Diagnosis

     

Substance abuse

5 (17)

25 (26)

0.002

 

40 (21)

Schizophrenia

14 (16)

34 (35)

  

48 (26)

Major depressions

30 (34)

24 (24)

  

54 (29)

Neurotic disorders

19 (22)

7 (7)

  

26 (14)

Personality disorders

10 (11)

8 (8)

  

18 (10)

Violence

  

<0.001

  

None

58 (66)

42 (43)

  

100 (54)

Mild/moderate

28 (32)

37 (38)

  

65 (35)

Severe

2 (2)

19 (19)

  

21 (11)

Suicidal on admission

  

<0.001

0.58

 

No

33 (37)

65 (66)

  

98 (53)

Yes

55 (63)

33 (34)

  

88 (47)

 

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

   

BPRS*

     

Total score

54.9 (14.3

55.3 (14.8)

0.78

 

55.1 (14.5)

Thinking disturbance

6.4 (3.9)

7.1 (3.9)

0.26

 

6.8 (3.9)

Withdrawal/retardation

4.5 (2.5)

3.5 (1.8)

0.003

0.47

3.9 (2.2)

Anxiety/Depression

11.1 (3.8)

8.7 (3.9)

0.001

0.62

9.8 (4.0)

Hostility/suspiciousness

5.9 (3.4)

7.2 (3.9)

0.08

 

6.6 (3.8)

Activation

6.4 (3.6)

7.5 (3.7)

0.11

 

7.0 (3.7)

Suicidality

4.0 (2.3)

2.5 (2.0)

<0.001

0.70

3.2 (2.2)

Rosenberg self-esteem*

4.2 (2.6)

7.5 (3.0)

<0.001

1.17

6.0 (3.2)

HADS*

     

Depression

11.0 (4.0)

7.3 (4.5)

<0.001

0.87

9.0 (4.7)

Anxiety

13.5 (4.1)

10.6 (5.4)

<0.001

0.60

12.0 (5.0)

GAF-Function*

42.9 (9.7)

40.0 (11.5)

0.08

 

41.4 (10.7)

GAF-Symptoms*

41.3 (10.9)

37.8 (11.1)

0.04

 

39.5 (11.1)

  1. *ANOVA with adjustment for gender ¤ Cohen's d is the between group effect size