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Table 1 Hazard ratios of psychiatric risk factors for repeat violent offending in a cohort of community based offenders.

From: The association between psychiatric diagnosis and violent re-offending in adult offenders in the community

   

Hazard ratio (95% CI) adjusted cumulatively for

Model

Number of violent re-offenders (%)

Number of non-re-offenders (%)

Age and sex

+ Any previous violent conviction

+ Index violent offence

+ Comorbid substance use disorder

No psychiatric disorder

35 (22%)

124 (78%)

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

I. Schizophrenia

58 (23%)

190 (77%)

1.15 (0.73–1.81)

1.21 (0.77–1.89)

1.29 (0.82–2.03)

1.28 (0.77–2.11)

II. Depression

69 (22%)

239 (78%)

1.28 (0.83–1.96)

1.31 (0.86–2.00)

1.31 (0.86–2.00)

1.28 (0.82–2.00)

III. Substance use disorders as principal or comorbid diagnosis

848 (36%)

1488 (64%)

1.94 (1.38–2.72)

1.82 (1.30–2.56)

1.97 (1.40–2.77)

NA

IV. Personality disorder as principal or comorbid diagnosis

753 (35%)

1406 (65%)

1.89 (1.34–2.65)

1.80 (1.28–2.53)

1.91 (1.36–2.68)

1.71 (1.20–2.44)

  1. Note: Cox regression models with time to violent re-offending as the dependent variable (re-offending base rate 31%) in psychiatrically assessed offenders followed during probation for an average of 4.8 years. Each diagnostic category is compared with the group of 159 offenders (re-offending base rate 22%) who had no psychiatric diagnosis.