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Table 6 Multivariate analysis of variables associated with symptoms of PTSD and depression

From: Post-conflict mental health needs: a cross-sectional survey of trauma, depression and associated factors in Juba, Southern Sudan

Variable

PTSD (N = 450)

Depression (N = 620)

 

OR [95% CI]

P

OR [95% CI]

P

Sex (women compared to men)

2.01 [1.52–2.66]

<0.01

2.37 [1.91–2.94]

<0.01

No longer married∞

2.10 [1.28–3.44]

0.01

  

Forcefully displaced more than once†

1.81 [1.18–2.76]

0.01

2.12 [1.45–3.09]

<0.01

Forcefully separated from family

1.91 [1.38–2.64]

<0.01

1.80 [1.28–2.54]

<0.01

Experiencing very ill health without medical care

1.89 [1.41–2.53]

<0.01

2.22 [1.70–2.89]

<0.01

Being injured

1.87 [1.49–2.36]

<0.01

1.50 [1.15–1.94]

<0.01

Experienced ≥8 trauma events in lifetime ‡

2.44 [1.76–3.37]

<0.01

2.21 [1.60–3.07]

<0.01

Experienced ≥4 trauma events within 12 months‡

2.89 [1.89–4.41]

<0.01

2.09 [1.32–3.32]

<0.01

  1. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder; OR, odds ratio (adjusted).
  2. Symptoms of PTSD (HTQ PTSD Score = ≥2.0) and depression (HSCL score = ≥1.75).
  3. Statistically significant (P < 0.05) demographic, displacement and all individual trauma exposure variables (Table 3) from univariate analysis included in multivariate analysis. Only significant (P < 0.05) adjusted odds ratios from multivariate analysis presented.
  4. ∞ No longer married (divorced/separated, widowed, forcefully separated) compared to married and never married;
  5. † Displaced more than once (refugees and IDPs) compared to displaced once or never displaced.
  6. ‡ Frequency of trauma events analysed separately from individual trauma exposure variables in multivariate analysis.