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Table 6 Adjusted odds ratios (and 95% CI) of clinical depressive symptoms (CES-D ≥ 20) by individual, paternal, academic and health behavior characteristics as estimated in multivariable backward stepwise logistic regression analysis

From: The prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of depressive symptoms among Cypriot university students: a cross-sectional descriptive co-relational study

CES-C (≥20/60)

B

S.E

Wald

DF

Adjusted†

 

OR

(95% CI)

P value

Gender

      

Male

    

1

-------

Female

0.50

0.17

8.17

1

1.70(1.17-2.33)

0.004

Residency (longest)

      

Metropolitan area

    

1

-------

Rural areas/Sub-urban areas

0.44

0.15

8.82

1

1.60(1.16-2.08)

0.003

Children

      

No

    

1

------

Yes

1.11

0.60

33.57

1

3.06(0.96-9.74)

0.050

Parental Marital status

      

Married

    

1

--------

Divorced

0.43

0.25

3.10

1

1.60(0.87-2.91)

0.079

Father’s educational level

      

Uneducated/primary/secondary

   

1

1

-------

Further education/college

0.54

0.21

6.48

1

0.70(0.51-0.97)

0.031

University

0.31

0.16

3.83

1

1.75(1.13-2.61)

0.011

Faculty

      

Geotechnical sciences and Environmental management

    

1

-------

Management and Economics

0.41

0.32

1.70

1

1.51(0.81-2.81)

0.193

Applied Arts Communication

0.45

0.30

2.19

1

1.56(0.86-2.83)

0.139

Engineering and Technology

0.57

0.28

3.94

1

1.80(1.00-3.08)

0.047

Health Sciences

0.09

0.27

0.12

1

1.10(0.65-1.86)

0.724

Learning difficulties

      

No

    

1

-------

Yes

0.60

0.17

12.37

1

1.85(1.30-2.57)

<0.001

Mental health problem (e.g. depression)

      

No

    

1

-------

Yes

1.06

0.24

19.18

1

2.88(1.80-4.62)

<0.001

Mental health assessment during last month

      

Excellent/very good

    

1

-------

Good

1.26

0.16

56.94

1

3.55 (2.55-4.90)

<0.001

poor/very poor

2.42

0.24

101.88

1

11.30(7.05- 18.08)

<0.001

Physical health assessment during last month

      

Excellent/very good

    

1

------

Good

0.36

0.17

4.68

1

1.43(1.03-1.80)

0.041

Poor/very poor

0.47

0.29

1.37

1

1.45(0.79-2.52)

0.031

Family history of mental health disorders (e.g. depression)

      

No

    

1

 

Yes

1.62

0.24

18.5

1

2.85(1.77-4.60)

<0.001

Level of satisfaction with program/course of study

      

High/very high

    

1

-------

No/low

0.67

0.18

14.00

1

1.95(1.37-2.77)

<0.001

Level of satisfaction with quality of the education system

      

High/very high

    

1

------

No/low

0.50

0.16

9.95

1

1.66(1.21-2.27)

<0.001

Level of satisfaction with living arrangement, social life and quality of available university facilities

      

High/very high

    

1

--------

No/low

1.00

0.58

40.2

1

2.73(2.00-3.72)

<0.001

Smoking habit

      

No

    

1

-------

Yes

0.32

0.16

0.83

1

1.40(1.00-1.89)

0.050

Drugs addiction

      

No

    

1

-------

Yes

1.63

0.28

40.6

1

5.44(2.95- 8.84)

0.002

  1. †Variables included in the first stage: age, gender, residency (longest), ethnicity, family status, number of children, living status during study, employment status, academic year of study, faculty, first choice of study in school/faculty, academic performance, failure to complete/pass unit within course, learning difficulties, level of satisfaction with program/course followed, level of satisfaction with quality of the education system, level of satisfaction with living arrangement, social life and quality of available university facilities, parental marital status, loss of parent (s), mother’s educational level, father’s educational level, mother’s employment status, father’s employment status, annual family income, chronic physical disorder or disability, mental health problem -depression, physical and mental health assessment during last month, family history of mental health disorders - depression, smoking habit, number of cigarettes, alcohol consumption, number of drinks, drugs addiction.
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BMC Psychiatry

ISSN: 1471-244X

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