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Table 4 Hierarchical linear regression models: the association between stressful war experiences and mental health symptoms adjusted for sex, age, orphan status and adverse childhood events

From: Differential roles of childhood adversities and stressful war experiences in the development of mental health symptoms in post-war adolescents in northern Uganda

 

IES-R

HSCL-37A

 

Total PTSD-score

Intrusion

Avoidance

Hyperarousal

Anxiety

Depression

 

B

SE B

B

SE B

B

SE B

B

SE B

B

SE B

B

SE B

Intercept

18.72

11.78

9.27

4.59

7.39

4.81

2.96

3.71

21.91***

3.13

28.60***

4.60

Age

0.81

0.66

0.16

0.26

0.32

0.27

0.28

0.21

-0.09

0.18

-0.03

0.26

Sex (base = M)

4.06*

1.75

1.78**

0.69

0.47

0.73

2.06***

0.55

2.32***

0.47

3.63***

0.69

Mother alive? (base = no)

-3.91

2.37

-2.80**

0.93

-0.52

0.98

-0.63

0.74

-1.80**

0.63

-1.43

0.92

Father alive? (base = no)

-0.80

1.88

-0.53

0.74

0.16

0.78

-0.20

0.59

-0.67

0.51

0.41

0.75

Parent marital status (base = divorced or separated)

       

- Married

0.76

2.27

0.33

0.88

-0.42

0.94

0.49

0.71

-0.18

0.61

-0.87

0.90

- Single

-0.38

2.88

0.18

1.13

-0.88

1.20

-0.13

0.91

 

0.77

-0.66

1.14

ACE

0.78

0.70

0.18

0.27

0.40

0.29

0.28

0.22

0.27

0.19

0.84**

0.27

SWE

2.39***

0.26

0.96***

0.10

0.71***

0.11

0.65***

0.08

0.23***

0.07

0.35***

0.10

ACE x SWE

-0.14

0.15

0.03

0.06

-0.17**

0.06

-0.01

0.05

0.06

0.04

0.08

0.06

ΔR2 step 1

.09***

 

.11***

 

.04***

 

.09***

 

.13***

 

.12***

 

ΔR2 step 2

.19***

 

.19***

 

.12***

 

.15***

 

.04***

 

.07***

 

ΔR2 step 3

.01

 

.00

 

.01***

 

.00

 

.01

 

.01

 

R2

.29***

 

.30***

 

.17***

 

.24***

 

.18***

 

.20***

 
  1. Note. Results of hierarchical linear regression analyses predicting mental health symptoms: In the first step, demographic variables (age, gender, mother and father still alive or not, and parent marital status) were entered; in the second step, ACE and SWE were added; in the third step, the interaction term SWE × ACE was included. Regression coefficients (B and SE B) from the last step in the analyses are shown.
  2. ACE = adverse childhood experiences; PTSD = post-traumatic stress disorder; IES-R = Impact of Events Scale-Revised; HSCL-37A = Hopkins Symptom Checklist-37 for Adolescents.
  3. *p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001.