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Table 3 Unadjusted and adjusted PRs of reporting three or more PCS (N = 3351)

From: Deployment-related mild traumatic brain injury, mental health problems, and post-concussive symptoms in Canadian armed forces personnel

Covariate

Unadjusted PR (95% confidence interval)

Adjusted* PR (95% confidence interval)

Injury status

Non-TBI Injury

1.00

1.00

Less severe mTBI†

1.61(1.33-1.95) p < 0.0001

0.97(0.82-1.15)

More severe mTBI†

2.04(1.66-2.50) p < 0.0001

1.16(0.98-1.38)

Combat exposure†

1st Tertile

1.00

1.00

2nd Tertile

1.16(0.87-1.55)

0.94(0.73-1.22)

3rd Tertile

1.82(1.40-2.37) p < 0.0001

1.07(0.83-1.38)

Age

24 years or less

1.00

1.00

25 - 34 years

1.22(0.98-1.52)

1.19(0.98-1.43)

35-44 years

1.20(0.94-1.52)

1.21(0.97-1.51)

45 or more

1.05(0.78-1.42)

1.42(0.86-1.22)

Sex

Male

1.00

1.00

Female

1.50(1.16-1.93) p = 0.002

1.34(1.10-1.63) p = 0.004

Language

English

1.00

1.00

Non-English

0.82(0.67-1.00) p = 0.049

1.02(0.86-1.22)

Element

Land

1.00

1.00

Sea

0.69(0.45-1.04)

0.79(0.53-1.17)

Air

0.75(0.57-0.99) p = 0.04

0.87(0.67-1.11)

Rank

Junior NCM‡

1.00

1.00

Senior NCM‡

1.05(0.87-1.27)

0.96(0.81-1.14)

Officer‡

0.52(0.37-0.74) p = 0.0003

0.76(0.50-0.98)

Any MHP

No

1.00

1.00

Yes

8.28(7.10-9.66) p < 0.0001

7.77(6.60-9.15) p < 0.0001

  1. *Adjusted for injury status, combat exposure, age, sex, language, component, element, rank and MHP.
  2. ‡More and less severe mTBI included those with and without loss of consciousness or post-traumatic amnesia, respectively.
  3. ‡Junior non-commissioned member (NCM) includes rank of Master Corporal (or equivalent) or below.
  4. §Senior non-commissioned member (NCM) includes rank of Sergeant (or equivalent) or above.
  5. ¶Tertiles are computed relative to a larger reference population, which accounts for the uneven distribution of cases.