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Table 1 Participant characteristics, and incidence of probable PTSD, probable depression, and high general psychological distress

From: Post-traumatic stress disorder and depression prevalence and associated risk factors among local disaster relief and reconstruction workers fourteen months after the Great East Japan Earthquake: a cross-sectional study

 

Total (N = 1294)

Local municipality workers (n = 610)

Hospital medical workers (n = 357)

Firefighters (n = 327)

P

 

N

%

(95 % CI)

n

%

(95 % CI)

n

%

(95 % CI)

n

%

(95 % CI)

 

Age

             

20–39

517

  

208

  

122

  

187

   

40–59

769

42.8

(10.6)a

398

44.9

(9.7)a

235

43.4

(9.6)a

136

38.7

(11.9)a

<0.001

60+

8

  

4

  

0

  

4

   

Sex

             

Male

720

56.2

(53.5-59.0)

353

57.9

(53.9-61.8)

40

11.2

(7.9-14.5)

327

100.0

 

<0.001

Female

574

44.4

(41.7-47.1)

257

42.1

(38.2-46.1)

317

88.8

(85.5-92.1)

0

0.0

  

Workplace factors

             

Supervisory work status

142

11.0

(9.3-12.8)

87

14.3

(11.5-17.0)

28

7.8

(5.0-10.6)

27

8.3

(5.3-11.3)

<0.01

Mainly disaster-related work

312

24.5

(22.1-26.8)

196

32.5

(28.7-36.2)

16

4.6

(2.4-6.8)

100

30.7

(25.7-35.8)

<0.001

Lack of communication

252

17.2

(15.1-19.2)

136

20.4

(17.3-23.5)

72

18.9

(14.9-22.8)

44

7.5

(4.6-10.3)

<0.001

Lack of rest

516

39.0

(36.3-41.7)

272

40.8

(37.1-44.6)

181

47.6

(42.6-52.7)

63

19.3

(14.9-23.6)

<0.001

Dead or missing colleague(s)

412

32.2

(29.7-34.8)

109

17.9

(14.8-20.9)

45

12.6

(9.1-16.1)

258

79.8

(75.4-84.2)

<0.001

Personal factors

             

Displacement

301

23.3

(20.9-25.6)

137

22.6

(19.3-25.9)

95

27.0

(22.3-31.6)

69

21.4

(16.9-25.9)

0.16

Dead or missing family member(s)

109

8.5

(7.0-10.0)

39

6.4

(4.4-8.3)

36

10.1

(6.9-13.2)

34

10.6

(7.2-13.9)

<0.05

Near-death experience

696

54.4

(51.7-57.2)

295

48.7

(44.7-52.7)

230

65.7

(60.7-70.7)

171

52.5

(47.0-58.0)

<0.001

Probable PTSD b

             

Diagnostic criteria

74

6.2

(4.8-7.5)

43

7.7

(5.5-9.9)

24

7.2

(4.4-10.0)

7

2.3

(0.6-3.9)

<0.01

Cutoff score

89

7.4

(5.9-8.9)

50

9.0

(6.6-11.3)

31

9.3

(6.2-12.4)

8

2.6

(0.8-4.4)

<0.01

Both of the above

64

5.3

(4.1-6.6)

37

6.6

(4.4-8.6)

22

6.6

(3.1-8.2)

5

1.6

(0.2-3.0)

<0.01

Adjusted odds ratio

    

4.0

(1.6-10.4)

 

3.8

(1.4-10.2)

 

1.0

  

Probable depression c

             

Diagnostic criteria

188

15.2

(13.2-17.3)

112

19.1

(15.9-22.3)

61

18.2

(14.0-22.3)

15

4.7

(2.4-7.0)

<0.001

Cutoff score

235

19.3

(17.0-21.5)

143

24.4

(20.9-27.9)

74

22.0

(17.6-26.5)

18

5.6

(3.1-8.2)

<0.001

Both of the above

153

12.4

(10.5-14.3)

93

15.9

(13.2-19.4)

48

14.3

(10.3-18.1)

12

3.8

(1.7-5.9)

<0.001

Adjusted odds ratio

    

4.5

(2.4-8.4)

 

4.2

(2.2-7.9)

 

1.0

  

High general psychological distress d

             

Cutoff score

143

11.4

(9.6-13.2)

86

14.9

(11.9-17.8)

49

14.5

(10.7-18.3)

8

2.6

(0.8-4.3)

<0.001

Adjusted odds ratio

    

6.2

(2.9-12.9)

 

5.9

(2.8-12.6)

 

1.0

  
  1. aMean (SD) values are presented.
  2. bData were missing for 94 participants (7.4% of total; local municipality workers, n = 52; hospital medical workers, n = 24; firefighters; n = 18).
  3. cData were missing for 53 participants (4.1% of total; local municipality workers, n = 24; hospital medical workers, n = 21; firefighters; n = 8).
  4. dData were missing for 69 participants (5.3% of total; local municipality workers, n = 31; hospital medical workers, n = 19; firefighters; n = 19).
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BMC Psychiatry

ISSN: 1471-244X

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