Table 4 Odds ratios of reported pain among individuals with depression in Japan
From: The incremental burden of pain in patients with depression: results of a Japanese survey
95% confidence limits | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Odds ratio | Lower | Upper | p-value | |
Age (1 year) | 0.999 | 0.987 | 1.011 | 0.856 |
Female | 1.601 | 1.219 | 2.104 | <0.001 |
Marital status (overall) | 0.326 | |||
Married/living with partner | Reference | |||
Single, never married | 0.830 | 0.607 | 1.134 | 0.134 |
Divorced | 1.122 | 0.748 | 1.682 | 0.295 |
Household income (overall) | 0.157 | |||
Less than ¥ 3,000,000 | Reference | |||
¥ 3,000,000 to ¥ 4,999,999 | 0.673 | 0.471 | 0.963 | 0.333 |
¥ 5,000,000 to ¥ 7,999,999 | 0.679 | 0.466 | 0.988 | 0.384 |
¥ 8,000,000 or more | 0.677 | 0.457 | 1.001 | 0.395 |
Decline to answer | 0.821 | 0.511 | 1.319 | 0.670 |
University degree or greater | 0.744 | 0.572 | 0.967 | 0.027 |
BMI category (overall) | 0.010 | |||
Underweight | Reference | |||
Normal | 0.772 | 0.533 | 1.119 | 0.520 |
Overweight | 1.048 | 0.672 | 1.634 | 0.011 |
Obese | 0.372 | 0.191 | 0.724 | 0.008 |
Decline to answer | 0.624 | 0.313 | 1.246 | 0.604 |
Drinks | 1.200 | 0.908 | 1.587 | 0.200 |
Smokes | 1.095 | 0.836 | 1.435 | 0.509 |
Exercises | 1.141 | 0.889 | 1.466 | 0.300 |
CCI | 1.398 | 1.197 | 1.634 | <0.001 |
Diagnosing doctor (overall) | 0.241 | |||
General internist | Reference | |||
Psychiatrist | 0.735 | 0.514 | 1.052 | 0.288 |
Other | 0.784 | 0.417 | 1.474 | 0.757 |
Length of diagnosis (1 year) | 1.024 | 1.004 | 1.045 | 0.018 |