From: Autism beyond diagnostic categories: characterization of autistic phenotypes in schizophrenia
Autistic schizophrenia patients a | Non-autistic schizophrenia patients a | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Men | Women | Men | Women | |
N = 75-80 | N = 53-57 | N = 86-96 | N = 62-72 | |
Sociodemographic variables | ||||
Age at examination, mean ± SD, yb | 42.1 ± 13.2 | 49.2 ± 14.5 | 36.3 ± 11.9 | 41 ± 10.9* |
Ethnicity, No. (%), Caucasianc | 76 (95) | 53 (98.1) | 92 (96.8) | 71 (98.6) |
Years of education, mean ± SDb | 11 ± 2.7 | 11.2 ± 2.1 | 13.4 ± 3.1*** | 14.2 ± 3.3*** |
Current occupation, No. (%), full-time workd | 5 (6.3) | 1 (1.8) | 16 (16.8) | 11 (15.1) |
Marital status, No. (%), singlec | 71 (88.8) | 31 (54.4) | 75 (78.9) | 32 (43.8) |
Children, No. (%), withoutc | 70 (87.5) | 28 (49.1) | 78 (82.1) | 39 (53.4) |
Relationship status, No. (%), no relationshipc | 67 (83.8) | 31 (54.4) | 68 (71.6) | 26 (35.6) |
Clinical variables | ||||
Age at first episode, mean ± SD, yb | 26.0 ± 9.2 | 30.8 ± 12.6 | 25.8 ± 7.2 | 29.1 ± 9.8 |
Duration of disease, mean ± SD, yb | 16.3 ± 12.9 | 18.2 ± 14.4 | 10.6 ± 9.8 | 12.1 ± 9.6 |
Chlorpromazine equivalents, mean ± SDb | 946 ± 863 | 972 ± 1321 | 562.4 ± 567* | 401.6 ± 489** |
Number of hospitalizations, mean ± SDb | 10.8 ± 13 | 10.7 ± 11.5 | 5.7 ± 4.8 | 5 ± 4.6* |
Premorbid intelligence, mean ± SD, IQe | 95 ± 15 | 97 ± 13 | 108 ± 16*** | 109 ± 14*** |
PANSS pos, mean ± SDb | 19.4 ± 7 | 19.3 ± 8 | 9.1 ± 2.9*** | 8.7 ± 2.5*** |
PANSS neg, mean ± SDb | 32.6 ± 4.5 | 32.4 ± 4.2 | 8.1 ± 1.2*** | 8 ± 1.1*** |
PANSS gen, mean ± SDb | 50.5 ± 11.2 | 51.5 ± 10.8 | 20.7 ± 4.9*** | 20.7 ± 4.2*** |
PANSS total, mean ± SDb | 102.5 ± 19.1 | 103.5 ± 18.2 | 37.9 ± 7.4*** | 37.4 ± 6.1*** |
GAF, mean ± SDb | 30 ± 10.9 | 28.1 ± 9.9 | 62.2 ± 15.2*** | 69.2 ± 14.2*** |