From: Autism beyond diagnostic categories: characterization of autistic phenotypes in schizophrenia
ASD sample | Disease-control sample a | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Men | Women | p-value | Men | Women | p-value | |
N = 70-107 | N = 37-58 | N = 58-71 | N = 21-29 | |||
Sociodemographic variables | ||||||
Age at examination, mean ± SD, yearsb | 31.3 ± 11.3 | 34.1 ± 10.3 | .050 | 37.6 ± 13.9 | 38 ± 11.2 | .747 |
Years of education, mean ± SDb | 14.6 ± 4.1 | 16.5 ± 4.8 | .040 | 15.9 ± 4.4 | 16.2 ± 4.8 | .529 |
Current occupation, No. (%), full-time workb | 25 (23.4) | 14 (24.1) | 1.00 | 18 (25.4) | 10 (34.5) | .462 |
Marital status, No. (%), singlec | 67 (62.6) | 34 (58.6) | .620 | 40 (56.3) | 12 (41.4) | .193 |
Children, No (%), nonec | 68 (86.1) | 35 (81.4) | .602 | 42 (66.7) | 12 (50) | .216 |
Relationship status, No. (%), no relationshipc | 47 (43.9) | 21 (36.2) | .408 | 35 (49.3) | 10 (34.5) | .192 |
Clinical variables | ||||||
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised, IQ | ||||||
subtest comprehension | 117 ± 20 | 115 ± 18 | .396 | 113 ± 17 | 114 ± 12 | .949 |
subtest similarities | 114 ± 17 | 117 ± 13 | .465 | 116 ± 18 | 117 ± 18 | .705 |
subtest picture completion | 105 ± 23 | 113 ± 17 | .072 | 108 ± 20 | 107 ± 18 | .728 |
subtest block design | 108 ± 22 | 110 ± 17 | .711 | 108 ± 18 | 108 ± 17 | .643 |
estimated verbal IQ | 115 ± 17 | 116 ± 13 | .937 | 114 ± 16 | 115 ± 13 | .825 |
estimated performance IQ | 106 ± 20 | 111 ± 15 | .143 | 107 ± 18 | 108 ± 15 | .851 |
estimated total IQ | 110 ± 17 | 113 ± 12 | .302 | 111 ± 16 | 111 ± 12 | .837 |
GAF, mean ± SDb | 69.4 ± 17.1 | 74 ± 14.2 | .191 | 75.1 ± 14.7 | 76.5 ± 15.8 | .509 |
PANSS autism severity score, mean ± SDb | 20.3 ± 7.7 | 20.1 ± 7.5 | .842 | 13.3 ± 6.5 | 13.5 ± 6.7 | .597 |
ADOS original algorithm Module 4, mean ± SDb | 11.9 ± 4.1 | 12 ± 4.3 | .962 | 3.9 ± 4 | 3.4 ± 3.8 | .691 |
Autism Quotient (AQ), mean ± SDb,d | 22.3 ± 5.9 | 25.6 ± 4.7 | .006 | 22.8 ± 5.3 | 25 ± 4.2 | .071 |
Empathy Quotient (EQ), mean ± SDb,e | 18.6 ± 8 | 15.4 ± 7.6 | .044 | 20.4 ± 10.2 | 16.7 ± 10.5 | .108 |