Table 2 Internal consistency reliability, interrater reliability, and discriminant validity for ASIA ADHD criterion A hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms

a. Fidgeting

adulthood (age ≥17)

0.83

 a-1, fidgeting

0.98

0.97 ± 0.84

0.25 ± 0.53

0.001

 a-2, fidgeting (others)

1.00

0.36 ± 0.63

0.04 ± 0.20

0.020

 a-3, fidgeting with one’s hair, taps one’s pencils, etc.

1.00

1.00 ± 0.79

0.25 ± 0.44

0.000

 a-4, gets tired when seating

1.00

0.75 ± 0.90

0.04 ± 0.20

0.001

childhood (age < 12)

0.84

 a-1, fidgeting

1.00

1.03 ± 0.91

0.33 ± 0.56

0.003

 a-2, fidgeting (others)

1.00

0.67 ± 0.82

0.04 ± 0.20

0.001

 a-3, help from others

1.00

0.44 ± 0.77

0.00 ± 0.00

0.005

 a-4, fiddles with one’s hair, taps one’s pencil, etc.

1.00

1.22 ± 0.86

0.25 ± 0.53

0.000

b. Leaves seat

adulthood

0.73

 b-1, leaves seat

1.00

0.14 ± 0.35

0.00 ± 0.00

n.s.

 b-2, leaves seat (others)

1.00

0.14 ± 0.42

0.00 ± 0.00

n.s.

 b-3, looks for an active task

1.00

0.58 ± 0.73

0.21 ± 0.50

0.027

 b-4, sits with extra effort

1.00

0.64 ± 0.79

0.00 ± 0.00

0.000

childhood

0.92

 b-1, leaves seat

1.00

0.31 ± 0.62

0.00 ± 0.00

0.014

 b-2, leaves seat (others)

1.00

0.31 ± 0.54

0.00 ± 0.00

0.014

 b-3, help from others

1.00

0.22 ± 0.54

0.00 ± 0.00

0.037

 b-4, leaves seat in special occasion (e.g. a funeral)

1.00

0.22 ± 0.54

0.00 ± 0.00

0.037

c. Excessive running/climbing

adulthood

0.75

 c-1, excessive running/restlessness

1.00

0.56 ± 0.73

0.08 ± 0.28

0.004

 c-2, too much active (others)

1.00

0.36 ± 0.68

0.08 ± 0.28

n.s.

 c-3, feels tired down when seating

1.00

0.83 ± 0.84

0.21 ± 0.50

0.002

 c-4, can not help doing something

1.00

0.83 ± 0.81

0.38 ± 0.57

0.027

childhood

0.82

 c-1, excessive running/climbing

1.00

0.69 ± 0.82

0.13 ± 0.33

0.003

 c-2, excessive running/climbing (others)

1.00

0.42 ± 0.69

0.08 ± 0.28

0.360

 c-3, can not help climbing

1.00

0.50 ± 0.73

0.17 ± 0.38

n.s.

 c-4, feels restless when sheeted

1.00

0.81 ± 0.82

0.08 ± 0.28

0.000

d. Difficulty playing quietly

adulthood

0.86

 d-1, difficulty playing quietly

1.00

0.36 ± 0.63

0.08 ± 0.28

n.s.

 d-2, being told “Be quiet”, “Shut up”

1.00

0.33 ± 0.58

0.08 ± 0.28

n.s.

 d-3, speak too much loudly and quickly

1.00

0.43 ± 0.69

0.04 ± 0.20

0.010

 d-4, can not regulate one’s tone of voice

1.00

0.44 ± 0.60

0.13 ± 033

0.025

childhood

0.85

 d-1, difficulty playing quietly

1.00

0.67 ± 0.79

0.04 ± 0.20

0.000

 d-2, being told “Be quiet

1.00

0.58 ± 0.80

0.04 ± 0.28

0.0007

 d-3, speak loudly when watching TV

1.00

0.56 ± 0.69

0.21 ± 0.58

0.018

 d-4, can not regulate one’s tone of voice

1.00

0.44 ± 0.73

0.04 ± 0.20

0.012

e. On the go

adulthood

0.78

 e-1, on the go

1.00

0.42 ± 0.73

0.00 ± 0.20

0.005

 e-2, on the go (others)

1.00

0.28 ± 0.65

0.04 ± 0.20

n.s.

 e-3, can’t slow down

1.00

0.53 ± 0.73

0.21 ± 0.50

n.s.

 e-4, feels uncomfortable at a long meeting

1.00

0.64 ± 0.79

0.08 ± 0.28

0.002

childhood

0.85

 e-1, on the go

1.00

0.67 ± 0.79

0.04 ± 0.20

0.000

 e-2, on the go (others)

1.00

0.56 ± 0.87

0.08 ± 0.28

0.027

 e-3, help from others

1.00

0.25 ± 0.60

0.00 ± 0.00

0.037

 e-4, absorbed in something

1.00

0.50 ± 0.69

0.21 ± 0.50

n.s.

f. Talks excessively

adulthood

0.86

 f-1, talk excessively

0.98

0.81 ± 0.71

0.29 ± 0.55

0.003

 f-2, criticized as “born with a big mouth”

1.00

0.47 ± 0.77

0.04 ± 0.20

0.011

 f-3, one’s talk bothers family, coworkers or friends

1.00

0.47 ± 0.69

0.08 ± 0.28

0.013

 f-4, can not stop talking once started

1.00

0.94 ± 0.82

0.29 ± 0.46

0.002

childhood

0.92

 f-1, talk excessively

1.00

0.69 ± 0.82

0.13 ± 0.44

0.002

 f-2, criticized as “shut up”

1.00

0.58 ± 0.84

0.13 ± 0.44

0.016

 f-3, help from others

1.00

0.53 ± 0.81

0.04 ± 0.20

0.007

 f-4, one’s talk bothers classmates, family or friends

1.00

0.39 ± 0.68

0.00 ± 0.00

0.005

g. Blurts out answers

adulthood

0.80

 g-1, blurts out answers

1.00

0.56 ± 0.77

0.04 ± 0.20

0.002

 g-2, blurts out answers (others)

0.98

0.58 ± 0.80

0.00 ± 0.00

0.001

 g-3, slips of the tongue

1.00

0.92 ± 0.73

0.33 ± 0.48

0.002

 g-4, rules conversation one-sidedly

1.00

0.58 ± 0.77

0.04 ± 0.20

0.001

childhood

0.85

 g-1, blurts out answers

1.00

0.83 ± 0.81

0.13 ± 0.33

0.000

 g-2, blurts out answers (others)

0.98

0.67 ± 0.82

0.00 ± 0.00

0.000

 g-3, jerks what comes up in one’s mind

1.00

0.53 ± 0.77

0.17 ± 0.38

n.s.

 g-4, slips of the tongue

0.98

0.78 ± 0.83

0.13 ± 0.33

0.001

h. Difficulty awaiting turn

adulthood

0.64

 h-1, difficulty awaiting turn

1.00

0.25 ± 0.50

0.08 ± 0.28

n.s.

 h-2, difficulty awaiting turn (others)

1.00

0.11 ± 0.31

0.00 ± 0.00

n.s.

 h-3, difficulty doing something in turn

0.98

0.19 ± 0.52

0.04 ± 0.20

n.s.

 h-4, feels frustrated at a red right or traffic jam

0.98

0.83 ± 0.84

0.25 ± 0.44

0.006

childhood

0.74

 h-1, difficulty awaiting turn (others)

1.00

0.53 ± 0.28

0.08 ± 0.73

0.008

 h-2, difficulty awaiting turn (others)

1.00

0.36 ± 0.68

0.00 ± 0.00

0.009

 h-3, difficulty waiting in activities (e.g. club activities)

1.00

0.14 ± 0.35

0.00 ± 0.00

n.s.

 h-4, wants to do things first in the group

1.00

0.19 ± 0.46

0.04 ± 0.20

n.s.

i. Interrupts or intrudes

adulthood

0.76

 i-1, interrupts or intrudes

1.00

0.17 ± 0.44

0.00 ± 0.00

n.s.

 i-2, interrupts or intrudes (others)

1.00

0.22 ± 0.54

0.08 ± 0.28

n.s.

 i-3, takes over what others are doing

1.00

0.25 ± 0.52

0.04 ± 0.20

n.s.

 i-4, interferes with someone’s work

1.00

0.31 ± 0.23

0.04 ± 0.20

0.021

childhood

0.84

 i-1, interrupts or intrudes

1.00

0.58 ± 0.69

0.00 ± 0.00

0.000

 i-2, interrupts or intrudes (others)

1.00

0.53 ± 0.77

0.08 ± 0.28

0.012

 i-3, cuts in other’s play without permission

0.98

0.44 ± 0.73

0.08 ± 0.28

0.012

 i-4, play with other’s toys without asking

1.00

0.36 ± 0.59

0.00 ± 0.00

0.003