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Table 1 Characteristics of Participants with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Mild Alzheimer Disease (AD) at Baseline

From: Motivational processes in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease: results from the Motivational Reserve in Alzheimer’s (MoReA) study

Characteristic

Baseline

   

FU

 
 

Totala (n = 111)

MCI (n = 64)a

Mild AD (n = 47)a

p b

Totala (n = 97)

p b

Age, years

75.3 (8.1)

73.2 (7.4)

78.0 (8.3)

.002**

76.2 (8.5)

.000***

Sex, % Female

53.2

43.8

66.0

.021*

  

Education, years

12.0 (2.7)

12.3 (2.5)

11.7 (3.0)

.224

  

Activities of Daily Living (Barthel)

95.7 (11.9)

99.1 (4.1)

91.0 (16.9)

.000***

95.0 (12.5)

.261

Instrumental ADL Self-report (Bayer-ADL)

2.7 (1.5)

2.4 (1.1)

3.1 (1.8)

.027*

2.7 (1.8)

.345

Instrumental ADL Informant-report (Bayer-ADL)

3.7 (2.3)

2.5 (1.5)

5.2 (2.2)

.000***

4.0 (2.4)

.002**

Cognitive status (MMSE)

25.3 (3.3)

27.1 (2.0)

22.9 (3.0)

.000***

24.9 (3.8)

.037*

Verbal Intelligence (WST)

30.6 (6.2)

31.9 (6.0)

28.7 (6.1)

.006**

  

Episodic Verbal Memoryc

−0.001 (.75)

0.42 (.61)

−0.58 (.51)

.000***

-.09 (.8)

.000***

Episodic Nonverbal Memoryc

−0.007 (.86)

0.43 (.77)

−0.60 (.60)

.000***

.01 (.9)

.442

Semantic Memoryc

0.005 (.82)

0.35 (.58)

−0.47 (.85)

.000***

-.23 (.9)

.000***

Visuoconstructive abilityc

−0.01 (.89)

0.38 (.65)

−0.55 (.89)

.000***

−.04 (.9)

.409

Attention/cognitive speedc

0.0001 (.77)

0.28 (.66)

−0.38 (.75)

.000***

−.16 (1.1)

.033*

Executive Functionc

−0.03 (.71)

0.28 (.66)

−0.44 (.55)

.000***

−.19 (1.1)

.065

Global Cognitionc

−0.005 (.62)

0.36 (.45)

−0.51 (.43)

.000***

−.11 (.8)

.000***

Depression Self-report (GDS)

3.3 (2.6)

3.1 (2.7)

3.6 (2.5)

.412

2.9 (2.6)

.513

Depression Informant-report (GDS)

4.3 (3.4)

3.6 (3.3)

5.2 (3.4)

.013*

3.5 (2.9)

.283

Depression Clinical Rating (CSDD)

3.0 (3.9)

2.9 (3.4)

3.1 (4.5)

.904

3.8 (3.9)

.112

Apathy Self-report (AES)

31.5 (6.6)

30.8 (7.2)

32.5 (5.6)

.186

31.0 (6.9)

.273

Apathy Informant-report (AES)

37.2 (11.3)

35.7 (11.7)

39.3 (10.5)

.101

38.0 (11.7)

.138

Apathy Clinical Rating (AES)

35.0 (7.5)

33.7 (7.9)

36.9 (6.6)

.027*

34.6 (8.8)

.292

Neuropsychiatric Inventory Total

6.8 (10.7)

6.3 (9.7)

7.5 (11.9)

.561

6.9 (9.5)

.910

Activities (self-report)

32.3 (10.3)

34.1 (9.7)

29.7 (10.7)

.027*

32.9 (11.5)

.980

Perceived Social Support

4.2 (.54)

4.1 (0.6)

4.2 (0.5)

.445

4.2 (.6)

.617

  1. Abbreviations: MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, WST Wortschatztest (Vocabulary Test), GDS Geriatric Depression Scale, CSDD Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia, AES Apathy Evaluation Scale
  2. aUnless otherwise specified, the data represent the mean (SD)
  3. bP value of t or χ 2 tests. *p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001
  4. cAverage of z scores. See Methods section for included tests
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BMC Psychiatry

ISSN: 1471-244X

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