Fig. 3

Group differences in cortical thickness and surface area between healthy controls and patients with MDD after controlling for age, IQ and the total intracranial volume. Three clusters of larger cortical thickness were observed in healthy controls than patients with MDD, including the left medial orbitofrontal, parsopercularis and middle temporal gyri. When compared to patients with MDD, healthy controls had larger surface area in the left rostral middle frontal gyrus, but smaller surface area in the left insula and the right supramaginal gyrus. Larger surface area/thickness was colored in red. Smaller surface area/thickness was colored in blue. Clusters were overlaid on the average inflated image. Significance threshold was set to p < 0.01 (uncorrected). Clusters with number of significant vertices greater than 200 were displayed. MDD: Major Depressive Disorder (n = 19); HC: Healthy Control (n = 29)