Effectiveness of illness management and recovery (IMR) in the Netherlands: a randomised clinical trial

BMC Psychiatry

Table 1 Results of four completed RCTs on IMR (by study^a,b)

	Hasson-Ohayon et al. 2007 [17]	Levitt et al. 2009 [18]	Färdig et al. 2011 [16]	Salyers et al. 2014 [15]
Consumer report
IMR Scale.	NS	.36	.29	NS
Patient activation				NS
Recovery			NS	NS
Hope				NS
Coping	NS		.14–.19^c
Knowledge about mental illness	.14^d
Psychiatric symptoms		NS
Quality of life, community functioning, and social support	NS		NS
Medication adherence				NS
Clinician report
IMR Scale	.28	.39	.34
Quality of life, community functioning, and social support		.52
Substance abuse		NS
Observer-rated psychiatric symptoms		−.20	.38	NS
Interviewer−rated Quality of Life				NS
Objective outcome
Hospitalizations and emergency	NS	NS	NS	NS
Visits	NS	NS	NS	NS
Employment		NS
Medication dosage			NS
Inpatient admission				NS
Inpatient psychiatric admission				NS
Length of inpatient stay				NS
Length of inpatient psychiatric stay				NS

^aThe results of the studies of Hasson-Ohayon et al. [17], Levitt et al. [18], Färdig et al. [16] and notes b, c and d are taken from McGuire et al. [14]
^bResults reflect comparisons from baseline to the longest follow-up period. Studies reported only one scale for each category. Only significant (p,.05) effect sizes (Cohen’s d) are reported. Effect sizes for Färdig et al. [16] are reported as η². A blank cell indicates that the variable was not measured. NS: not significant
^c Range from the four of eight subscales of the Ways of Coping Scale with significant results
^d Knowledge and goals subscale of the consumer-reported IMR Scale

ISSN: 1471-244X