Non-CRD | CRD | Overall | |
---|---|---|---|
N, participants (%) | 1926 (88.3) | 256 (11.7) | 2182 (100.0) |
Frequency, weighteda (%) | 13,520,141(89.4) | 1,597,475(10.6) | 15,117,616 (100.0) |
Age group, % | |||
30–49 years | 15.4 | 27.5 | 16.6 |
50–64 years | 38.1 | 43.7 | 38.7 |
65–74 years | 26.7 | 18.8 | 25.8 |
≥ 75 years | 19.9 | 10.0 | 18.8 |
Sex, % | |||
Male | 50.8 | 30.7 | 48.7 |
Female | 49.2 | 69.3 | 51.3 |
Race, % | |||
Non-Hispanic white | 61.1 | 54.6 | 60.4 |
Non-Hispanic black | 17.3 | 21.6 | 17.8 |
Mexican and other Hispanic | 12.9 | 19.9 | 13.6 |
Other | 8.7 | 3.9 | 8.2 |
Ratio of family income to poverty level ≤ 1.3, % | 20.8 | 52.1 | 24.1 |
Marital status, single or living alone, % | 36.3 | 54.5 | 38.3 |
Education, % | |||
College or above | 47.2 | 31.6 | 45.5 |
High school graduate | 25.3 | 22.6 | 25.0 |
Below high school | 27.5 | 45.8 | 29.4 |
Smoking | |||
Non-smoker | 51.0 | 39.3 | 49.8 |
Past | 36.0 | 28.5 | 35.2 |
Current | 13.0 | 32.2 | 15.0 |
Alcohol | |||
Non-drinker | 42.4 | 49.4 | 43.2 |
Above moderate level | 16.0 | 21.2 | 16.6 |
Moderate drinking | 41.5 | 29.4 | 40.2 |
Marijuana, ever use, % | 16.5 | 28.9 | 17.8 |
Physical activity level met guidelines,b % | 43.1 | 26.7 | 41.4 |
Cardiovascular diseases | 28.0 | 36.4 | 28.8 |
Diabetic retinopathy | 18.0 | 25.4 | 18.8 |
Hypertension | 81.7 | 81.5 | 81.7 |
Liver diseases | 4.1 | 7.7 | 4.5 |
Cancer | 17.4 | 18.5 | 17.5 |
Weak/failing kidneysc | 7.3 | 12.2 | 7.8 |
Overnight hospitalization in the past year, % | 20.5 | 44.0 | 23.0 |
My health in general is, % | |||
Excellent, very good | 16.3 | 2.5 | 14.8 |
Good/Fair | 69.6 | 65.2 | 69.1 |
Poor | 6.5 | 32.4 | 9.2 |
Missing | 7.7 | 0.0 | 6.9 |
Hours of sleep per day, % | |||
< =5 h | 16.2 | 38.5 | 18.6 |
6-8 h | 74.1 | 50.7 | 71.6 |
> =9 h | 9.1 | 9.9 | 9.2 |
Missing | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.6 |
Self-reported having trouble sleep, % | 33.8 | 65.2 | 37.1 |
Told by doctor having sleep disorders, % | 15.7 | 29.9 | 17.2 |
Age at diabetes diagnosis, years | |||
Mean (s.e.) | 52.6 (0.4) | 48.9 (0.9) | 52.2 (0.4) |
Categories, % | |||
< 50 | 41.6 | 55.6 | 43.0 |
50–69 | 47.9 | 38.3 | 46.8 |
> =70 | 9.8 | 4.8 | 9.3 |
Missing | 0.8 | 1.3 | 0.8 |
Duration of diabetes | |||
Mean (s.e.) | 10.0 (0.2) | 8.9 (0.7) | 9.9 (0.2) |
Categories, % | |||
< 5 years | 30.8 | 28.3 | 30.5 |
5–9 years | 23.9 | 29.9 | 24.5 |
> =10 years | 44.5 | 40.6 | 44.1 |
Missing | 0.8 | 1.3 | 0.8 |
HbA1c, % | |||
Mean (s.e.) | 7.3 (0.1) | 7.4 (0.2) | 7.3 (0.1) |
Categories, % | |||
< 6.5 % | 34.8 | 34.0 | 34.7 |
6.5- < 7.5 % | 29.1 | 25.3 | 28.7 |
7.5–8.9 % | 18.9 | 17.9 | 18.8 |
> =9 % | 13.0 | 13.4 | 13.0 |
Missing | 4.2 | 9.5 | 4.7 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | |||
Mean (s.e.) | 182.0 (1.6) | 193.1 (3.7) | 183.1 (1.5) |
Categories | |||
> 0 and <200 | 65.8 | 49.8 | 64.1 |
> =200 | 27.9 | 39.9 | 29.2 |
Missing | 6.3 | 10.3 | 6.7 |
LDL cholesterol(mg/dl) | |||
Mean (s.e.) | 98.1 (1.4) | 108.4 (4.1) | 99.0 (1.4) |
Categories | |||
> 0 and <100 | 52.7 | 44.9 | 52.0 |
> =100 | 39.4 | 48.5 | 40.2 |
Missing | 7.9 | 6.6 | 7.8 |
HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | |||
Male and female, mean (s.e.) | 47.8 (0.4) | 45.8 (1.1) | 47.6 (0.4) |
Male, mean (s.e.) | 44.2 (0.5) | 41.2 (2.0) | 44.0 (0.5) |
Female, mean (s.e.) | 51.7 (0.7) | 48.0 (1.2) | 51.2 (0.7) |
Categories, % | |||
Male > 40 and female > 50 | 49.7 | 36.9 | 48.4 |
Male < =40 and female < =50 | 43.9 | 52.8 | 44.9 |
Missing | 6.3 | 10.3 | 6.7 |
Triglycerides (mg/dl) | |||
Mean (s.e.) | 176.3 (9.8) | 180.1 (14.0) | 176.6 (9.4) |
Categories | |||
> 0 and <150 | 55.6 | 46.3 | 54.8 |
> =150 | 41.8 | 50.4 | 42.6 |
Missing | 2.5 | 3.3 | 2.6 |
Blood pressure (BP), mmHg | |||
SBP, mean (s.e.) | 130.6 (0.6) | 128.6 (1.4) | 130.4 (0.5) |
DBP, mean (s.e) | 68.4 (0.5) | 70.7 (1.0) | 68.6 (0.4) |
SBP < 140, DBP < 90 | 67.1 | 72.3 | 67.5 |
Missing | 4.9 | 2.3 | 4.6 |
Medications | |||
Insulin, % | 27.0 | 24.7 | 26.8 |
Sulfonylureas, % | 35.8 | 27.0 | 34.8 |
THIAZOLIDINEDIONES, % | 17.5 | 14.3 | 17.1 |
Meglitinides, % | 2.0 | 0.2 | 1.8 |
DPP-4 INHIBITORS, % | 7.6 | 1.4 | 6.9 |
GLP-1 AGONISTS, % | 1.5 | 1.8 | 1.5 |
Metformin, % | 52.2 | 59.7 | 53.0 |
Any antihyperglycemic agents | 88.1 | 87.3 | 88.0 |
Antihypertensives, % | 76.7 | 76.0 | 76.6 |
Statins, % | 54.3 | 52.0 | 54.1 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | |||
Mean (s.e.) | 32.5 (0.3) | 35.5 (0.6) | 32.8 (0.2) |
Categories, % | |||
< 25 | 13.9 | 8.2 | 13.3 |
25- < 30 | 26.7 | 11.0 | 25.0 |
30- < 35 | 27.4 | 37.1 | 28.5 |
35+ | 31.9 | 43.7 | 33.2 |
Missing | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 |
Waist-to-height ratio, mean (s.e.) | 0.659 (0.004) | 0.699 (0.007) | 0.663 (0.003) |
Categories, % | |||
0.3- < 0.5 | 2.4 | 1.4 | 2.3 |
0.5- < 0.7 | 62.6 | 48.4 | 61.1 |
≥ 0.7 | 26.8 | 40.2 | 28.2 |
Missing | 8.3 | 10.0 | 8.5 |