Table 3 Child/family characteristics associated with CHP-identified psychosocial problems or parental concerns in children aged 0–12 years

Child: CBCL/ITSEA problem score

 No clinical score$

16.0

1

1

36.0

1

1

 Clinical score

47.2

4.66 (3.37–6.44)

3.43 (2.41–4.89)

82.8

8.63 (6.17–12.07)

7.69 (5.39–10.97)

Child: history of problems

 No$

11.7

1

1

34.9

1

1

 Yes

48.6

6.56 (5.29–8.14)

5.85 (4.75–7.21)

56.7

2.47 (2.05–2.98)

2.28 (1.91–2.73)

Environmental: life events

 No$

16.6

1

1

37.2

1

1

 Yes

24.8

1.60 (1.25–2.05)

1.20 (0.92–1.59)

47.3

1.54 (1.23–1.93)

1.55 (1.21–1.99)

Parenting: Parenting efficacy

 Higher efficacy$

15.4

1

1

34.0

1

1

 Lower efficacy

24.4

1.73 (1.43–2.09)

1.28 (1.05–1.56)

52.7

2.17 (1.88–2.51)

1.92 (1.65–2.23)

Gender

 Girl$

15.1

1

1

37.2

1

1

 Boy

20.0

1.38 (1.18–1.61)

1.21 (1.02–1.43)

39.5

1.10 (0.96–1.25)

0.98 (0.85–1.12)

Ethnicity

 Industrialized country$

16.8

1

1

38.4

1

1

 Non-Industrialized country

20.6

1.27 (1.18–1.61)

0.87 (0.66–1.14)

37.8

0.99 (0.83–1.18)

0.78 (0.64–0.94)

Age

 14 months$

9.0

1

1

40.4

1

1

 3 years 9 months

14,1

1.67 (1.04–2.68)

1.39 (0.89–2.16)

44.7

1.20 (0.97–1.48)

1.14 (0.91–1.42)

 5/6 years

24.6

3.20 (2.03–5.04)

2.49 (1.55–4.00)

39.6

0.96 (0.77–1.21)

0.90 (0.71–1.14)

 8–12 years

16.8

2.40 (1.53–3.77)

1.61 (1.00–2.58)

31.4

0.67 (0.53–0.85)

0.60 (0.47–0.76)

Educational level

 Low$

20.8

1

1

36.1

1

1

 Average

16.2

0.72 (0.59–0.88)

0.85 (0.69–1.05)

39.5

1.04 (0.66–1.64)

1.25 (1.05–1.50)

 High

14.3

0.56 (0.44–0.72)

0.70 (0.53–0.91)

40.0

1.16 (0.96–1.40)

1.39 (1.13–1.71)

 Unknown

16.9

0.74 (0.41–1.34)

0.62 (0.35–1.08)

36.9

1.14 (0.98–1.34)

1.10 (0,66–1.82)

CHP’s use of screening instruments

 Never$

16.6

1

1

38.3

1

1

 When indicated

19.3

1.16 (0.81–1.66)

1.53 (1.10–2.14)

39.2

1.06 (0.75–1.50)

1.00 (0.73–1.37)

 At each assessment

26.6

1.85 (1.27–2.70)

1.38 (0.86–2.22)

36.5

0.93 (0.71–1.22)

0.90 (0.72–1.14)

Combination child, parenting, environmental stressors

&

&

 Not in child and parenting/context$

10.0

1

1

29.6

1

1

 Not in child but in parenting/context

13.4

1.33 (1.01–1.76)

1.28 (0.96–1.71)

43.8

1.88 (1.59–2.22)

2.11 (1.77–2.51)

 In child, but not in parenting/context

43.9

6.40 (4.90–8.38)

6.20 (4.72–8.13)

53.3

2.78 (2.21–3.48)

3.11 (2.47–3.91)

 Both in child and parenting/context

49.1

8.16 (6.22–10.70)

7.84 (5.85–10.51)

68.1

5.20 (4.26–6.36)

6.24 (5.04–7.73)