Study | Disorder | Control group | Number of participants | Imaging method |
---|---|---|---|---|
Atmaca, et al. [82] | motor conversion | yes | patients: 12 (f), control: 12 (f) | sMRI (1.5 Tesla) |
Atmaca, et al. [83] | somatization disorder | yes | patients: 20 (f), control: 20 (f) | sMRI (1.5 Tesla) |
Atmaca, et al. [84] | motor conversion | yes | patients: 20 (f), control: 20 (f) | sMRI (1.5 Tesla) |
Aybek, et al. [29] | motor conversion | yes | patients: 15 (11f, 4m) [2 groups: hemiparesis & paraparesis], control: 25 (16f, 9m) | sMRI (3.0 Tesla) |
aAybek, et al. [52] | motor conversion | yes | patients: 12 (9f, 3m), control 14 (11f, 3m) | fMRI (3.0 Tesla) |
aAybek, et al. [47] | motor conversion | yes | patients: 12 (8f, 4m), control 13 (10f, 3m) | fMRI (3.0 Tesla) |
Benbadis, et al. [85] | syncope of unknown origin | no | patients: 10 (5f, 5m) | CT (7 patients), MRI (8 patients) |
Blakemore, et al. [86] | motor conversion | yes | patients: 6 (4f, 2m), feigner: 12 (8f), control: 12 (8f) | EEG |
Blakemore, et al. [87] | motor conversion | yes | patients: 6 (4f, 2m), feigner: 12 (8f), control: 12 (8f) | EEG |
Bonilha, et al. [88] | idiopathic dystonia | yes | patients: 7 (6f, 1m), control: 10 (8f, 2m) | sMRI (3.0 Tesla) |
Burke, et al. [89] | sensory conversion | no | Patients: 10 (10f) | fMRI (3.0 Tesla) |
Burgmer, et al. [90] | motor conversion | yes | patients: 4 (m), control: 7 (3f, 4m) | fMRI (3.0 Tesla) |
Carey, et al. [91] | body dysmorphic disorder | no | patients 6 (4m, 2f) | SPECT (HMPAO) |
Cojan, et al. [19] | motor conversion | yes | patients: 1 (f), control: 30 (normal:24, feigner: 6) | fMRI (1.5 Tesla) |
aCzarnecki, et al. [60] | motor conversion | yes | patients:5 (3f, 2m) | SPECT (99mTc-Ethyl cysteinate) |
ade Lange, et al. [16] | motor conversion | no | patients: 8 (5f, 3m) | fMRI (1.5 Tesla) |
ade Lange, et al. [64] | motor conversion | no | patients:7 (5f, 2m) | fMRI (1.5 Tesla) |
de Lange, et al. [21] | motor conversion | no | patients: 8 | fMRI (1.5 Tesla) |
de Ruiter, et al. [92] | non clinical dissociative experiences | yes | individuals: 43 (23 low (15f, 8m), 20 high (10f, 10m) | fMRI (1.5 Tesla) |
Devinsky, et al. [93] | C-NES | yes | C-NES only:22, C-NES + Epilepsy:38, Epilepsy only:43,Epilepsy + other psych:59 | EEG |
aElzinga, et al. [46] | motor conversion | yes | patients: 13 (f), control:14 (f) | fMRI (1.5 Tesla) |
Felmingham, et al. [94] | dissociative PTSD | yes | patients:23 (13f, 10m), 12 dissociative | fMRI (1.5 Tesla) |
Feusner, et al. [95] | body dysmorphic disorder | yes | patients: 12 (10f, 2m), control: 13 (11f, 2m) | fMRI (3.0 Tesla) |
Feusner, et al. [96] | body dysmorphic disorder | yes | patients: 12 (10f, 2m), control: 12 (10f, 2m) | sMRI (3.0 Tesla) |
Garcia-Campayo, et al. [97] | somatization disorder | no | patients: 11 (5f, 6m) | SPECT (HMPAO or TC-bicisate) |
Ghaffar, et al. [62] | motor conversion | yes | patients: 3 (3f), control: 6 | fMRI (3.0 Tesla) |
Hakala, et al. [98] | somatization disorder | yes | patients: 10 (10f), control: 16 (16f) | sMRI (1.5 Tesla) |
Hoechstetter, et al. [99] | motor conversion | no | patients: 3 (2f, 1m) | MEG |
Hovorka, et al. [100] | PNES | no | patients: 56 (39f, 17m) | EEG |
Karatas, et al. [101] | PNES | no | patients: (88) | EEG |
Knyazeva, et al. [102] | PNES | yes | patients: 13 (8f, 5m), control: 13 (8f, 5m) | EEG |
Krüger, et al. [103] | dissociation DES | yes | patients: 50 | EEG |
Labate, et al. [28] | PNES | yes | patients: 20 (11f, 9m), control: 40 (21f, 19m) | sMRI (1.5 Tesla) |
Mailis-Gagnon, et al. [24] | hysterical anaesthesia | no | patients: 4 (3f, 1m) | fMRI (1.5 Tesla) |
Moser, et al. [104] | dissociation | yes | patients: 11 (11f), control: 9 (9f) | fMRI (3.0 Tesla) |
Nicholson, et al. [105] | motor conversion | yes | patients: 15 (10f, 5m) control: 31 (19f, 12m) | sMRI (3.0 Tesla) |
Rauch, et al. [106] | body dysmorphic disorder | yes | patients: 8 (?) control: 8 (?) | MRI |
Roelofs, et al. [66] | motor conversion | no | patients: 6 (f) | EEG |
Sar, et al. [107] | dissociative identity disorder | yes | patients: 21 (14f, 7m), control: 9 (6f, 3m) | SPECT (HMPAO) |
aSpence, et al. [20] | motor conversion | yes | patients: 2 (m), control: 6 | PET |
aStone, et al. [74] | motor conversion | yes | patients: 4 (3f, 1m), control: 4 (3f, 1m) | fMRI (1.5 Tesla) |
avan Beilen, et al. [50] | motor conversion | yes | patients: 9 (7f, 2m), control: 21 normal control (17f, 4m) 13 feigning (4f, 9m) | fMRI (3.0 Tesla) |
van Der Kruijs, et al. [108] | PNES | yes | patients: 11 (6f, 5m), control: 12 (8f, 4m) | fMRI (3.0 Tesla) |
aVoon, et al. [43] | conversion tremor, dystonia, gait disorder | yes | patients: 11 (7f, 4m), control: 11 (7f, 4m) | fMRI (1.5 Tesla) |
aVoon, et al. [27] | motor conversion | yes | patients: 16 (10f, 6m), control: 16 (10f, 6m) | fMRI (1.5 Tesla) |
Voon, et al. [25] | motor conversion | no | patients: 8 (5f, 3m) | fMRI (1.5 Tesla) |
aVuilleumier, et al. [22] | sensorimotor conversion | no | patients: 7 (6f, 1m) | PET (HMPAO) |
Werring, et al. [109] | sensory conversion | yes | patients: 5 (4f, 1m), control 7 () | fMRI (1.5 Tesla) |
Yazici, et al. [110] | Astasia-Abasia | no | patients: 5 (3f, 2m) | PET (HMPAO) |