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Table 3 Risks of psychiatric disorders, suicide attempt and suicide in individuals with hypermobility syndrome (including EDS) compared with matched comparison individuals

From: Nationwide population-based cohort study of psychiatric disorders in individuals with Ehlers–Danlos syndrome or hypermobility syndrome and their siblings

 

Hypermobility syndrome individuals (n = 10,019)

Matched comparison individuals (n = 100,190)

  
 

n (%)

n (%)

RR (95 % CI)

RRa (95 % CI)

Autism spectrum disorder

161 (1.6)

1,186 (1.2)

1.4 (1.1–1.6)

1.3 (1.1–1.6)

Bipolar disorder

42 (0.4)

296 (0.3)

1.4 (1.1–2.0)

1.4 (0.9–1.9)

ADHD

301 (3.0)

546 (0.5)

5.8 (5.0–6.7)

5.5 (4.8–6.4)

Depression

696 (7.0)

3,180 (3.2)

2.3 (2.1–2.5)

2.3 (2.1–2.5)

Suicide attempt

423 (4.2)

2,121 (2.2)

2.1 (1.8–2.3)

2.0 (1.8–2.3)

Suicide

6 (0.1)

3 (0.05)

1.8 (0.8–4.4)

1.9 (0.7–5.0)

Schizophrenia

11 (0.1)

159 (0.2)

0.7 (0.4–1.3)

0.7 (0.4–1.3)

  1. Associations are expressed as risk ratios (RR) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CIs) from conditional logistic regression
  2. Note: statistically significant RR are bolded. RRa, risk ratios restricted to individuals born in Sweden