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Table 2 Prevalence of DSM-IV/CIDI PTSD after randomly selected MVCs perceived as life-threatening in the participating World Mental Health surveysa

From: Post-traumatic stress disorder associated with life-threatening motor vehicle collisions in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys

 

% PTSD

(95 % CI)b

Number with PTSD (n)

Total sample size (n)

High income countries

    

 Germany

1.0

(0.0–3.3)

(1)

(20)

 Israel

5.5

(0.0–12.8)

(3)

(35)

 Spain

1.2

(0.0–3.2)

(4)

(58)

 Spain – Murcia

0.2

(0.0–0.6)

(1)

(39)

 United States

4.2

(0.0–8.5)

(9)

(168)

 Total

3.1

(0.7–5.6)

(18)

(320)

 χ24c

 

3.7

  

Low or middle income countries

   

 Bulgaria

6.7

(0.0–14.3)

(5)

(31)

 Lebanon

2.0

(0.0–6.1)

(2)

(17)

 Colombia – Medellin

1.8

(0.0–4.6)

(2)

(52)

 Mexico

0.7

(0.0–1.9)

(2)

(42)

 Peru

0.5

(0.0–1.6)

(1)

(34)

 Romania

1.8

(0.0–5.3)

(1)

(63)

 South Africa

5.6

(0.0–13.9)

(2)

(52)

 Ukraine

1.5

(0.0–4.4)

(2)

(38)

 Total

2.6

(0.8–4.3)

(17)

(329)

 χ 27c

 

4.7

  

Total

2.8

(1.3–4.3)

(35)

(649)

 χ 212c

 

8.5

  

 χ 21d

 

0.1

  
  1. aAll results are based on weighted data that adjust for between-person differences in number of lifetime traumatic experiences within each survey. World Mental Health surveys that had too few randomly selected MVCs (numbers of such cases are reported in parentheses) for any to meet criteria for PTSD were excluded. These surveys were those in Brazil (23), Colombia (25), Japan (25), Northern Ireland (25), Belgium (13), France (34), Italy (46), Netherlands (9)
  2. bThe Wilson interval method [34] was used to calculate confidence intervals when the lower bound was less than 0.0.
  3. cThese χ2 tests evaluate the significance of between-survey difference in prevalence among surveys in high income countries (p = 0.45), among surveys in low-middle income countries (p = 0.69), and across all 13 surveys (p = 0.71)
  4. dThis χ2 test evaluates the significance of between-survey difference in prevalence between surveys in high and low-middle income countries (p = 0.71)