|  | Cases | Controls | p | χ 2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Maternal age at birth | ≤19 years | 672 (6.7 %) | 899 (2.4 %) | p < 0.001 | 603.69 |
20–29 years | 5711 (56.5 %) | 18,861 (51.1 %) | |||
30–39 years | 3475 (34.4 %) | 16,143 (43.7 %) | |||
≥40 years | 254 (2.5 %) | 1020 (2.8 %) | |||
Paternal age at birtha | ≤19 years | 211 (2.2 %) | 212 (0.6 %) | p < 0.001 | 330.41 |
20–29 years | 4322 (44.2 %) | 13,966 (38.2 %) | |||
30–39 years | 4358 (44.5 %) | 18,892 (51.7 %) | |||
≥40 years | 896 (9.2 %) | 3496 (9.6 %) | |||
History of maternal psychopathology | Yes | 2610 (25.8 %) | 4340 (11.8 %) | p < 0.001 | 1154.75 |
No | 7502 (74.2Â %) | 32,583 (88.3Â %) | |||
History of maternal substance abuse | Yes | 685 (6.8 %) | 747 (2.0 %) | p < 0.001 | 525.72 |
No | 9427 (93.2Â %) | 36,176 (98.0Â %) | |||
History of paternal psychopathologya | Yes | 2382 (24.3 %) | 4597 (12.6 %) | p < 0.001 | 779.19 |
No | 7405 (75.7Â %) | 31,969 (87.4Â %) | |||
Previous births | 0 | 4683 (46.3 %) | 15,077 (40.8 %) | p < 0.001 | 98.03 |
≥1 | 5429 (53.7 %) | 21,846 (59.2 %) | |||
Weight for gestational ageb | <-2 SD | 569 (5.6 %) | 1017 (2.8 %) | p < 0.001 | 189.09 |
-2 to +2 SD | 9167 (91.0Â %) | 34,542 (93.8Â %) | |||
≥ + 2 SD | 338 (3.4 %) | 1257 (3.4 %) | |||
Maternal SES | Upper white collar | 861 (8.5 %) | 5628 (17.7 %) | p < 0.001 | 593.56 |
Lower white collar | 3986 (39.4Â %) | 6522 (15.2Â %) | |||
Blue collar | 2439 (24.1Â %) | 16,528 (44.8Â %) | |||
Others | 1959 (19.4Â %) | 5693 (15.4Â %) | |||
Missing | 867 (8.6Â %) | 2552 (6.9Â %) | |||
Maternal immigrant status | Not born in Finland | 223 (2.2 %) | 542 (1.5 %) | p < 0.001 | 26.04 |
Born in Finland | 9889 (97.8Â %) | 36,381 (98.5Â %) | |||
Paternal immigrant statusa | Not born in Finland | 368 (3.8 %) | 651 (1.8 %) | p < 0.001 | 136.41 |
Born in Finland | 9419 (96.2Â %) | 35,915 (98.2Â %) | |||
Apgar score at 1 minc | <6 | 537 (5.3 %) | 1376 (3.7 %) | p < 0.001 | 48.65 |
7–10 | 9565 (94.7 %) | 35,504 (96.3 %) | |||
Gestational age | ≤32 weeks | 224 (2.2 %) | 245 (0.7 %) | p < 0.001 | 219.24 |
33–36 weeks | 564 (5.6 %) | 1408 (3.8 %) | |||
37–41 weeks | 8833 (87.6 %) | 33,506 (91.0 %) | |||
≥42 weeks | 460 (4.6 %) | 1677 (4.5 %) |