Skip to main content

Table 1 Patient characteristics and univariate logistic regression for postoperative delirium

From: A personality trait contributes to the occurrence of postoperative delirium: a prospective study

 

All patients (n = 78)

Delirium (n = 40)

No Delirium (n = 38)

Risk Ratio (95 % CI)

P

Demographic data

General

Female sex, No. (%)

63 (80.8)

29 (72.5)

34 (89.5)

0.31 (0.09-1.08)

0.07

Age, mean (SD), y

81.6 (6.6)

82.8 (6.2)

80.4 (6.9)

1.06 (0.99-1.13)

0.11

Education, mean (SD), y

8.2 (4.6)

8.7 (3.9)

7.7 (5.1)

1.05 (0.95-1.16)

0.34

Medical history, No. (%)

Major mental disorder history

13 (16.7)

9 (22.5)

4 (10.5)

2.47 (0.69-8.83)

0.17

Dementia history

19 (24.4)

13 (32.5)

6 (15.8)

2.57(0.86-7.67)

0.09

Delirium history

7 (9.3)

5 (12.8)

2 (5.6)

2.50 (0.45-13.79)

0.29

Other mental disorder history

4 (5.1)

2 (5.0)

2 (5.3)

0.95(0.13-7.09)

0.96

Brain injury history

12 (15.6)

5 (12.5)

7 (18.9)

0.61 (0.18-2.13)

0.44

Psychiatry family history

11 (14.5)

4 (10.3)

7 (18.9)

0.49 (0.13-1.84)

0.29

Hypertension

54 (69.2)

29 (72.5)

25 (65.8)

1.37 (0.52-3.60)

0.52

Diabetes

27 (34.6)

16 (40.0)

11 (28.9)

1.64 (0.64-4.21)

0.31

Addiction history, No. (%)

Smoking

4 (5.2)

3 (7.7)

1 (2.6)

3.08 (0.31-31.04)

0.34

Alcohol

8 (10.4)

6 (15.4)

2 (5.3)

3.27 (0.62-17.36)

0.16

Preoperative medications, No. (%)

Opiates

2 (2.6)

0 (0.0)

2 (5.3)

0.00 (-)

-

Benzodiazepines

9 (11.5)

8 (20.0)

1 (2.6)

9.25 (1.10-78.00)

0.04

Antidepressants

11 (14.1)

9 (22.5)

2 (5.3)

5.23 (1.05-26.03)

0.04

Anticholinergics

5 (6.4)

5 (12.5)

0 (0.0)

0.00 (-)

-

Perceptual risk factor, No. (%)

Visual problem

5 (6.5)

3 (7.5)

2 (5.4)

1.42 (0.22-9.01)

0.71

Auditory problem

12 (15.4)

7 (17.5)

5 (13.2)

1.40 (0.40-4.86)

0.60

Preoperative assessments

Cognitive ability, mean (SD)

MMSE

18.7 (6.2)

16.6 (5.7)

20.9 (5.9)

0.88 (0.81-0.96)

0.003

Preoperative laboratory, mean (SD)

White blood cell count,/μL

9970 (2880)

9810 (2180)

10140 (3500)

0.96 (0.82-1.12)

0.62

Hemoglobin, g/dL

13.1 (11.5)

14.5 (16.0)

11.7 (1.6)

1.09 (0.83-1.44)

0.53

Glucose, mg/dL

149.8 (68.0)

160.7 (79.9)

138.6 (51.8)

1.01 (0.10-1.01)

0.17

Blood Urea Nitrogen, mg/dL

21.1 (8.6)

20.3 (7.7)

21.8 (9.5)

0.98 (0.93-1.03)

0.45

Creatinine, mg/dL

0.8 (0.4)

0.8 (0.2)

0.9 (0.6)

0.58 (0.20-1.74)

0.34

Total protein, g/dL

6.6 (0.5)

6.5 (0.5)

6.7 (0.6)

0.51 (0.21-1.24)

0.14

Albumin, g/dL

3.9 (0.5)

3.8 (0.5)

3.9 (0.5)

0.50 (0.18-0.39)

0.19

Sodium, mEq/L

137.3 (3.8)

137.3 (3.5)

137.3 (4.2)

0.10 (0.89-1.12)

0.96

Potassium, mEq/L

4.2 (0.5)

4.2 (0.4)

4.2 (0.6)

1.02 (0.42-2.48)

0.96

Calcium, mg/dL

8.8 (0.6)

8.7 (0.8)

8.9 (0.6)

0.65 (0.27-1.52)

0.32

Operation-related data

ASA PS, No. (%)

2

18 (23.1)

7 (17.5)

11 (28.9)

reference

 

3

53 (67.9)

31 (77.5)

22 (57.9)

2.21 (0.74-6.61)

0.15

4

7 (9.0)

2 (5.0)

5 (13.2)

0.63 (0.10-4.18)

0.63

Regional anesthesia, No. (%)

31 (39.7)

21 (52.5)

10 (26.3)

3.10 (1.19-8.02)

0.02

Anesthesia duration, mean (SD), min

123.8 (41.4)

119.8 (38.3)

128.0 (44.6)

0.10 (0.98-1.01)

0.38

Pain-related data

VAS score, median (IQR)

At rest before operation

6 (5.0-7.0)

6 (5.0-7.8)

6 (5.0-7.0)

1.08 (0.82-1.42)

0.58

At rest on POD #1

4 (3.0-6.0)

3 (3.0-6.0)

4 (3.0-6.0)

0.85 (0.65-1.11)

0.24

Opioid dose, median (IQR), mg

Before operation

5 (0-10.0)

5 (0-10.0)

5 (0-9.2)

1.00 (0.95-1.04)

0.84

POD #1

0 (0-6.7)

0 (0-3.3)

0 (0-6.7)

0.92 (0.84-1.01)

0.09

Preoperative psychological scales

HAS, mean (SD)

6.95 (7.58)

7.97 (7.22)

5.92 (7.89)

1.04 (0.98-1.10)

0.24

HRSD, mean (SD)

4.91 (4.83)

5.55 (4.73)

4.24 (4.91)

1.06 (0.96-1.17)

0.23

Big Five Inventory, mean (SD)

Extraversion

6.09 (1.66)

5.92 (19.2)

6.27 (1.33)

0.88 (0.67-1.16)

0.36

Agreeableness

6.59 (1.91)

6.36 (2.28)

6.84 (1.40)

0.87 (0.69-1.11)

0.27

Neuroticism

6.99 (1.43)

7.51 (1.47)

6.43 (1.17)

1.86 (1.26-2.78)

0.002

Conscientiousness

7.77 (1.88)

7.41 (1.96)

8.17 (1.73)

0.80 (0.62-1.03)

0.08

Openness

6.27 (1.63)

6.05 (1.87)

6.50 (1.32)

0.84 (0.63-1.12)

0.24

  1. SI conversion factors: To convert white blood cell count to x109/L, multiply values by 0.001; Hemoglobin to g/L, by 10; Glucose and Blood Urea Nitrogen to mmol/L, by 0.0555 and 0.357, respectively; Creatinine to μmol/L, by 88.4; Total protein and Albumin to g/L, by 10; Sodium, Potassium, and Calcium to mmol/L, by 1, 1, and 0.25, respectively
  2. Abbreviations: CI confidence interval, SD standard deviation, MMSE mini-mental state examination, ASA PS American Society of Anesthesiology Physical Status, VAS visual analogue scale, IQR interquartile range, POD post-operative day, HAS hamilton anxiety scale, HRSD hamilton rating scale for depression