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Table 2 Score differences between pre-treatment and post-treatment ratings

From: Treatment of trauma-affected refugees with venlafaxine versus sertraline combined with psychotherapy - a randomised study

Rating

Groups and differences

Mean pre-treatment score (SE)

Mean post-treatment score (SE)

Difference (SE)

P-value

Effect size

Symptoms self-ratings

HTQ

Sertraline

3.24 (0.04)

3.02 (0.06)

0.22 (0.06)

<0.01**

0.54

Venlafaxine

3.18 (0.05)

3.05 (0.06)

0.13 (0.06)

0.02*

0.32

Difference

0.06 (0.06)

−0.03 (0.09)

0.09 (0.08)

0.27

0.22

HSCL-25

Sertraline

3.03 (0. 05)

2.85 (0.07)

0.18 (0.07)

<0.01**

0.39

Venlafaxine

3.04 (0.05)

2.94 (0.06)

0.10 (0.05)

0.05*

0.22

Difference

−0.01 (0.07)

−0.09 (0.09)

0.08 (0.09)

0.37

0.17

SCL-90

Sertraline

2.40 (0.08)

2.35 (0.10)

0.05 (0.10)

0.64

0.06

Venlafaxine

2.50 (0.08)

2.53 (0.09)

−0.03 (0.07)

0.69

0.04

Difference

−0.10 (0.10)

−0.18 (0.13)

0.08 (0.12)

0.54

0.10

VAS

Sertraline

6.38 (0.24)

6.17 (0.28)

0.21 (0.26)

0.43

0.26

Venlafaxine

6.61 (0.24)

6.68 (0.24)

−0.07 (0.20)

0.72

0.03

Difference

−0.23 (0.34)

−0.51 (0.36)

0.28 (0.33)

0.40

0.12

Life quality/level of functioning self-ratings

WHO-5

Sertraline

12.73 (1.36)

22.21 (2.67)

−9.48 (2.42)

<0.01**

0.65

Venlafaxine

15.00 (1.64)

17.75 (2.24)

−2.75 (2.16)

0.20

0.19

Difference

−2.27 (2.13)

4.46 (3.49)

6.73 (3.24)

0.04*

0.47

SDS

Sertraline

24.65 (0.53)

21.81 (0.88)

2.84 (0.85)

<0.01**

0.48

Venlafaxine

22.71 (0.69)

23.20 (0.79)

−0.49 (0.86)

0.57

0.08

Difference

1.93 (0.87)*

−1.39 (1.17)

3.32 (1.21)

<0.01**

0.56

SAS-SR

Sertraline

2.93. (0.07)

2.68 (0.08)

0.25 (0.07)

<0.01**

0.36

Venlafaxine

2.96 (0.07)

2.80 (0.0.08)

0.16 (0.08)

0.04*

0.23

Difference

−0.03 (0.10)

−0.12 (0.11)

0.09 (0.11)

0.39

0.13

CSS

Sertraline

22.34 (0.89)

22.89 (0.80)

−0.55 (0.79)

0.48

0.07

Venlafaxine

22.14 (0.76)

22.40 (0.79)

−0.26 (0.73)

0.72

0.03

Difference

0.20 (1.17)

0.49 (1.13)

0.29 (1.07)

0.79

0.04

Observer ratings

HAM-D

Sertraline

23.69 (0.55)

22.33 (0.85)

1.36 (0.79)

0.08

0.24

Venlafaxine

23.69 (0.62)

22.46 (0.89)

1.23 (0.82)

0.13

0.22

Difference

0.00 (0.83)

−0.13 (1.23)

0.13 (1.14)

0.91

0.02

HAM-A

Sertraline

26.74 (0.68)

26.41 (1.04)

0.33 (0.97)

0.73

0.05

Venlafaxine

27.14 (0.72)

26.05 (1.05)

1.09 (1.00)

0.28

0.16

Difference

−0.40 (0.99)

0.36 (1.49)

−0.76 (1.39)

0.58

0.11

GAF-S

Sertraline

47.43 (0.57)

51.33 (0.93)

−3.90 (0.79)

<0.01**

0.68

Venlafaxine

48.14 (0.61)

51.82 (0.94)

−3.68 (1.03)

<0.01**

0.64

Difference

−0.70 (0.83)

−0.48 (1.32)

0.22 (1.29)

0.86

0.04

GAF-F

Sertraline

48.37 (0.68)

50.28 (0.92)

−1.91 (0.79)

0.02*

0.29

Venlafaxine

49.04 (0.68)

51.91 (0.96)

−2.87 (0.89)

<0.01**

0.43

Difference

−0.67 (0.97)

−1.63 (1.33)

0.96 (1.19)

0.42

0.06

  1. HAM = 0–4 (0 best score), GAF = 0–100 (100 best score), WHO-5 = 0–100 (100 best score), SDS = 0–30 (0 best score), SAS-SR = 1–5 (1 best score), CSS = 1–7 (7 best), HTQ, HSCL-25, SCL = 1–4 (1 best score), VAS = 0–10 (0 best score)
  2. WHO-5 WHO-Five Well-being Index, SDS Sheehan Disability scale, SAS-SR Social Adjustment Scale - Self Report, CSS Crisis Support Scale, HTQ Harvard Trauma Questionnaire, HSCL-25 Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25, SCL-90 Symptom Checklist-90, VAS Visual Analogue Scale (for pain), HAM-A Hamilton Anxiety scale and HAM-D Hamilton Depression scale, GAF Global Assessment of Functioning (S = symptom score and F = functioning score)
  3. Overview over pre-treatment and post-treatment rating scores for the intention-to-treat sample. In the right column the p-values refer to the significance of differences between pre- and post-treatment ratings in each group and the significance of group differences in the difference between pre- and post treatment ratings (corresponding to the interaction between intervention group and rating time). Based on the mixed model for the full sample group differences at the pre- and post-treatment assessments were estimated as simple main effects and so were the pre-post treatment differences for each intervention group. The group difference in pre-post treatment differences corresponds to the interaction coefficient in mixed model. SE = Robust standard error Effect size: The effect size calculated as the pre-post score difference/the baseline standard deviation
  4. * = statistically significant (p = 0.05 or below), ** = higly statistical significant (p = 0.01 or below)
  5. Bold = Improvement, Italic = Deterioration