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Table 1 Socio-demographics, care facilities and clinical characteristics of the study sample (N = 262)

From: Homesick: residential and care patterns in patients with severe mental illness

 

Independent housing

(n = 103)

Sheltered housing

(n = 59)

Psychiatric hospital

(n = 100)

χ2/Pa

Socio-demographics

 Age, mean (SD)

46.1

(10)

45.7

(10.5)

43.8

(11)

0.261

Gender, n (%)

 Male

53

(51.5)

40

(67.8)

69

(69)

0.021

 Female

50

(48.5)

19

(32.2)

31

(30)

 

Ethnicity, n (%)

 Western

72

(69.9)

30

(50.8)

61

(61.6)

0.055

 Non-Western

31

(30.1)

29

(49.2)

38

(38.4)

 

Education, n (%)b

 Primary/secondary education

72

(69.9)

50

(84.7)

82

(82)

 

 Higher education

25

(24.3)

8

(13.6)

8

(8)

0.006

 Unknown

6

(5.8)

1

(1.7)

10

(10)

 

Diagnosis, n (%)b

 Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders

72

(69.9)

49

(83.1)

95

(95)

 

 Mood disorders/anxiety disorders/axis II disorders

21

(20.4)

3

(11.5)

2

(7.7)

0.000

 Substance use disorders

10

(9.7)

7

(11.7)

3

(3)

 

Comorbid substance use disorders, n (%)

21

(20.4)

27

(45.8)

22

(22)

≤0.001

Medication non-adherence

38

(40)

28

(51.9)

40

(44)

0.375

Symptoms (BPRS-E), mean (SD)c

 Positive symptoms

1.6

(0.8)

1.5

(0.6)

2.1

(1.0)

0.000

 Negative symptoms

1.2

(0.3)

1.3

(0.4)

1.7

(0.7)

0.000

 Depression & Anxiety

1.8

(0.8)

1.7

(0.6)

2.0

(0.8)

0.067

 Disorganisation

1.2

(0.2)

1.3

(0.4)

1.6

(0.6)

0.000

 BPRS total

1.4

(0.4)

1.4

(0.4)

1.8

(0.5)

0.000

Substance use (MATE), mean (SD)c,d

 Alcohol

5.4

(10.2)

8.5

(12.4)

4.7

(10)

0.362

 Cannabis

2.3

(7.2)

6.2

(11.3)

3.4

(8.9)

0.007

 Hard drugs (cocaine, stimulants, 3,4-methylenedioxy- methamphetamine, opiates)

1.7

(7)

5.1

(12.1)

1.3

(7.1)

0.001

  1. BPRS-E, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale – Expanded; MATE Measurements in the Addictions for Triage and Evaluation
  2. aP is the result of ANOVA for continuous variables and χ2 test for categorical variables. Significant findings at P = 0.05 or less are shown in italics
  3. bExpected cell count too low (<5) for accurate chi-square, Fisher’s exact test was performed
  4. cAssumptions of ANOVA were violated, Kruskal-Wallis test was performed. Number of days of substance use in the last month