PTSD and depression (study group) | No psychiatric disorder (comparison group) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 407 | N = 91,697 | |||||||
Percentage (%) | All | Men | Women | P-valuea | All | Men | Women | P-valuea |
Gender | 48.6 | 51.4 | 40.7 | 59.3 | ||||
Region of origin | >0.05 | <0.01 | ||||||
Eastern, Central and South. Asia | 20.4 | 21.7 | 19.1 | 27.1 | 19.2 | 32.5 | ||
Afghanistan | 12.3 | 9.6 | 14.8 | 9.5 | 5.4 | 12.3 | ||
Iran | 7.1 | 10.1 | 4.3 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.7 | ||
Europe | 18.9 | 18.2 | 19.6 | 34.7 | 36.5 | 33.5 | ||
Former Yugoslavia | 16.5 | 18.2 | 15.3 | 15.0 | 19.0 | 12.3 | ||
Sub-Saharan countries | 5.2 | 4.5 | 5.7 | 13.1 | 13.8 | 12.0 | ||
Western Asia and North Africa | 55.5 | 55.6 | 55.6 | 17.0 | 21.2 | 14.1 | ||
Iraq | 43.5 | 42.4. | 44.5 | 8.9 | 11.6 | 7.1 | ||
Stateless Palestine | 5.4 | 5.1 | 5.7 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 1.9 | ||
Other incl. America and Oceania | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 8.1 | 8.4 | 7.9 | ||
Basis for residence | <0.01 | <0.01 | ||||||
Refugee | 74.4 | 89.4 | 60.3 | 33.3 | 49.0 | 22.4 | ||
Asylum seeker | 67.3 | 79.8 | 55.5 | 29.2 | 42.9 | 19.7 | ||
Quota refugee | 7.1 | 9.6 | 4.8 | 4.1 | 6.1 | 2.7 | ||
Family reunified | 25.6 | 10.6 | 39.7 | 66.7 | 51.0 | 77.6 | ||
To refugee | 19.2 | 5.1 | 32.5 | 10.9 | 5.5 | 14.6 | ||
To non-refugee | 6.4 | 5.6 | 7.2 | 55.8 | 45.4 | 63.0 | ||
Events during follow up | >0.05 | <0.01 | ||||||
Emigrated | 5.2 | 6.6 | 3.8 | 16.6 | 18.0 | 15.6 | ||
Death | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 1.6 | 0.8 | ||
End of study | 94.6 | 92.9 | 96.2 | 82.3 | 80.4 | 83.6 | ||
Annual income | <0.01 | <0.01 | ||||||
≤9.999 EUR | 3.2 | 5.1 | 1.1 | 25.4 | 17.4 | 30.9 | ||
10.000–19.999 EUR | 30.5 | 50.8 | 8.3 | 27.6 | 30.7 | 25.4 | ||
19.000–29.999 EUR | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 30.3 | 28.3 | 31.7 | ||
≥30.000 EUR | 31.3 | 9.1 | 55.6 | 16.6 | 23.5 | 11.9 | ||
Median (first - third quartile) | Men | Women | P-valuea | Men | Women | P-valuea | ||
Age at residence (years) | 34 | 32 | >0.05 | 30 | 29 | >0.05 | ||
(28–39) | (27–39) | (25–36) | (25–35) | |||||
Age end of study (years) | 45 | 45 | >0.05 | 41 | 39 | >0.05 | ||
(8.86)b | (8.7)b | (35–47) | (33–46) | |||||
Follow up time (years) | 12 | 12 | >0.05 | 11 | 10 | >0.05 | ||
(9–16) | (6–16) | (6–16) | (5–14) |